Ecology Global Insights and Investigations 2nd Edition By Peter Stiling – Test Bank

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Ecology Global Insights and Investigations 2nd Edition By Peter Stiling – Test Bank

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Chapter 02

Population Genetics

 

 

Multiple Choice Questions

1. The first person to publish a theory that species change over time was
   A. Plato
   B.  Lamarck
   C.  Darwin
   D.  Wallace
   E.  Mendel

 

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 02.01
Topic: Evolutionary Ecology

2. Charles Robert Darwin
   A.had a thorough understanding of genetics.
   B. sailed on a three year survey around the world.
   C. examined fossil beds in China.
   D. formulated a theory of natural selection.
   E. knew little of geological change.

 

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 02.01
Topic: Evolutionary Ecology

 

3. Malthus proposed that because the earth was not overrun by humans they must be limited by
   A.food shortage, disease, war.
   B. natural selection.
   C. survival of the fittest.
   D. evolution.
   E. Adaptation.

 

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 02.01
Topic: Evolutionary Ecology

4. Over long periods of time, natural selection leads to
   A.mutation.
   B. adaptation.
   C. hybridization.
   D. dominance.
   E. true breeding lines.

 

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 02.01
Topic: Evolutionary Ecology

5. In polluted areas ________ forms of peppered moths are __________ conspicuous to birds on __________ tree trunks.
   A. normal; more; lichen-covered
   B.  melanic; less; lichen-covered
   C.  melanic; less; dark-colored
   D.  melanic; more; dark-colored
   E.  all the above statements are false

 

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 02.01
Topic: Evolutionary Ecology

 

6. An individual with two identical copies of a gene is said to be
   A.homozygous
   B. heterozygous
   C. dominant
   D. recessive
   E. segregated

 

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 02.01
Topic: Evolutionary Ecology

7. What is NOT one of the nucleotide bases that make-up double-stranded DNA base pairs?
   A.Adenine
   B. Proline
   C. Thymine
   D. Guanine
   E. Cytosine

 

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 02.02
Topic: Evolutionary Ecology

8. When a chromosome breaks in two places and the middle segment turns around and refuses with the same pieces, we call this a(n)
   A.Duplication
   B. Transversion
   C. Deletion
   D. Inversion
   E. Translocation

 

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 02.02
Topic: Evolutionary Ecology

 

9. The Hardy-Weinberg equation states that p² +2pq + q² = 1; the genotype frequency of heterozygotes is represented by
   A. p²
   B.  2pq
   C.  q²
   D.  p² + q²
   E.  p² + 2pq

 

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 02.03
Topic: Evolutionary Ecology

10. In a population of 100 four-o’clock flowers there are 40 red-flowered plants (C^RC^R), 38 pink-flowered plants (C^RC^W), and 22 white-flowered plants (C^WC^W). What is the frequency of the C^W allele in this population?
    A. 0.41 or 41%
    B.  0.6 or 60%
    C.  0.4 or 40%
    D.  0.09 or 9%
    E.  0.52 or 52%

 

Bloom’s Level: 4. Analyze
Learning Outcome: 02.03
Topic: Evolutionary Ecology

 

11. The percentage of individuals exhibiting a recessive disease in a population is 0.04, which is 4% based on a Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. What percentage of individuals would be expected to be heterozygous carriers?
    A.48
    B. 40
    C. 60
    D. 24
    E. 4

 

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 02.03
Topic: Evolutionary Ecology

12. In the Hardy-Weinberg equation, the letters p and q represent
    A.frequencies of alleles in a population.
    B. the number of individuals of different phenotypes in a population.
    C. the number of individuals of different genotypes in a population.
    D. the frequencies of individuals of different genotypes in a population.
    E. the square of individuals of different genotypes in a population.

 

Bloom’s Level: 4. Analyze
Learning Outcome: 02.03
Topic: Evolutionary Ecology

13. Below is a list of phenomenon that can occur in a population, which of these would violate the conditions for the Hardy-Weinberg equation?
    A. The population is large.
    B.  Mating is nonrandom.
    C.  Migration does not occur between different populations.
    D.  Natural selection is not occurring.
    E.  No new mutations arise.

 

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 02.03
Topic: Evolutionary Ecology

 

14. If a population does not satisfy the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium model, what may you assume about that population?
    A. Evolutionary mechanisms are effecting the population.
    B.  Evolution is not occurring.
    C.  No new mutations are occurring, only nonrandom mating.
    D.  No migration is occurring.
    E.  Evolutionary mechanisms are affecting the population and evolution is occurring.

 

Bloom’s Level: 5. Evaluate
Learning Outcome: 02.03
Topic: Evolutionary Ecology

15. If a population is not in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, this implies that
    A. the population is going extinct.
    B.  the population is very ancient.
    C.  one or more of the conditions required for equilibrium are being violated.
    D.  the population is abnormal.
    E.  one or more of the conditions required for equilibrium are being violated and the population is evolving.

 

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 02.03
Topic: Evolutionary Ecology

16. A large effective population size is important so that a species
    A. can maintain an adequate range.
    B.  does not change its trophic relationship.
    C.  will not lose large amounts of genetic diversity in the near future.
    D.  can minimize edge effects.
    E.  can remain endemic to a small area.

 

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 02.04
Topic: Evolutionary Ecology

 

17. In which plant mating system would genetic variability decline slowest?
    A.self fertilization.
    B. mating with brothers or sisters.
    C. mating with cousins.
    D. mating with second cousins.
    E. mating with unrelated individuals.

 

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 02.04
Topic: Evolutionary Ecology

18. A recent genetic analysis has shown that at one point, as few as _____ Florida panthers were alive.
    A.6
    B. 20
    C. 40
    D. 80
    E. 120

 

Bloom’s Level: 5. Evaluate
Learning Outcome: 02.04
Topic: Evolutionary Ecology

19. The decline in the numbers of greater prairie chickens in Illinois in the late 20^th century was a striking example of
    A. genetic drift.
    B.  inbreeding.
    C.  an extinction vortex.
    D.  a and b
    E.  b and c

 

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 02.04
Topic: Evolutionary Ecology

 

20. Inbreeding and small population size of a threatened species can combine to form a downward spiral from which a species cannot easily recover. This is known as a(n)
    A.extinction vortex
    B. random change of allele frequencies.
    C. random mutation.
    D. accelerated evolution of new traits.
    E. Bottleneck effect.

 

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 02.01
Topic: Evolutionary Ecology

21. Studies on the Glanville fritillary butterfly in Finland showed that just one generation of brother-sister mating causes
    A.increased number of eggs to be laid.
    B. increased hatching of eggs.
    C. reduced caterpillar survival.
    D. increased caterpillar parasitism.
    E. increased genetic variability.

 

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 02.04
Topic: Evolutionary Ecology

22. Robert Lacey showed that in a population of 120 individuals, at least ______ immigrant(s) every generation would be sufficient to counter genetic drift.
    A. 0.1
    B.  0.5
    C.  1
    D.  2
    E.  5

 

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 02.04
Topic: Evolutionary Ecology

 

23. Elephant seals have a smaller effective population size than real population size due to the effects of
    A. inbreeding.
    B.  genetic drift.
    C.  a harem mating structure.
    D.  an extinction vortex.
    E.  All of these

 

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 02.04
Topic: Evolutionary Ecology

 

True / False Questions

24. The best explanation for species distributions is that each region supports the fauna and flora best adapted to it.
    FALSE

 

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 02.01
Topic: Evolutionary Ecology

25. The inheritance of acquired characteristics suggests that a person who became strong through lifting weights would pass this trait on to his or her children.
    TRUE

 

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 02.01
Topic: Evolutionary Ecology

 

26. Alfred Russel Wallace was a co-discoverer of evolutionary theory.
    TRUE

 

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 02.01
Topic: Evolutionary Ecology

 

Matching Questions

27. Match the type of chromosome mutation with its effect.

1.  Duplication	loss of part of the chromosome	2
2.  Deletion	added amount of some genes	1
3.  Inversion	chromosome breakage, re-positioning and re-fusing	3
4.  Translocation	the exchange of segments between two non-homologous chromosomes	4

 

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 02.02
Topic: Evolutionary Ecology

28. Match the scientist with their discovery

1.  Darwin	natural selection	1
2.  Mendel	theory of population growth	3
3.  Malthus	transformism	4
4.  Lamarck	inheritance	2

 

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 02.01
Topic: Evolutionary Ecology

 

29. Match the continents with their fauna

1.  South America	sloths, anteaters, armadillos, monkeys with prehensile tails	1
2.  Australia	zebra, giraffes, lions, baboons, okapi, aardvark	3
3.  Africa	bats, Tasmanian devil, wombat, duck-billed platypus, echidna	2

 

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 02.04
Topic: Evolutionary Ecology

30. Match the following names with their definitions.

1.  Allee effect	mating between closely related individuals	4
2.  Effective population size	random changes in allele frequencies over time	3
3.  Genetic drift	the number of individuals that contribute genes to future populations	2
4.  Inbreeding	the likelihood that, in a small population, some individuals will fail to mate successfully	1

 

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 02.04
Topic: Evolutionary Ecology

Chapter 04

Behavioral Ecology

 

 

Multiple Choice Questions

1. ________ is the study of how behavior contributes to the differential survival and reproductions of organisms.
   A. Ethology
   B.  Behavioral Ecology
   C.  Evolution
   D.  Population Ecology
   E.  Community Ecology

 

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: CO
Topic: Behavioral Ecology

2. Chemicals used to attract mates are called
   A.hormones.
   B. allomones.
   C. pheromones.
   D. allelopaths.
   E. chemical neurotransmitters.

 

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 04.01
Topic: Behavioral Ecology

3. A behavior that benefits others at a cost to oneself is
A. cooperation.
B. altruism.
C. benevolence.
D. symbiosis.
E. mutualism.

 

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 04.01
Topic: Behavioral Ecology

4. According to kin selection, a man should die to save the life of
   A. one sister.
   B.  one or more brothers.
   C.  two or more nephews.
   D.  four or more nieces.
   E.  eight or more cousins.

 

Bloom’s Level: 4. Analyze
Learning Outcome: 04.01
Topic: Behavioral Ecology

5. The coefficients of relatedness of a human child to a sibling is, on average,
   A.0.25
   B. 0.5
   C. 0.75
   D. 1
   E. 1.5

 

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 04.01
Topic: Behavioral Ecology

 

6. Let’s imagine that solitary male lesser spotted turkeys normally father two offspring. However, related turkeys may cooperate in attracting females. If one male fathers 10 offspring, but the other fathers none, what is the minimum level of relatedness necessary to offset the subordinates loss of reproductive opportunities?
   A.0.15
   B. 0.26
   C. 0.50
   D. 0.76
   E. 2.0

 

Bloom’s Level: 4. Analyze
Learning Outcome: 04.01
Topic: Behavioral Ecology

7. What is the only known eusocial mammal?
   A. Humans
   B.  Naked mole rats
   C.  Beavers
   D.  Prairie dogs
   E.  Honeybees

 

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 04.01
Topic: Behavioral Ecology

 

8. The system of sex discrimination in which some offspring are haploid and others diploid is referred to as
   A. Eusociality.
   B.  Viviparity.
   C.  Haplodiploidy.
   D.  Diplohaploidy.
   E.  Dihaploidy.

 

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 04.01
Topic: Behavioral Ecology

9. Why might unrelated individuals engage in altruistic acts?
   A. If they are trying to mate with each other.
   B.  If it is possible they may mate with each other.
   C.  If the altruism is likely to be reciprocated.
   D.  The individuals are part of the same large flock.
   E.  None of these choices are correct.

 

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 04.01
Topic: Behavioral Ecology

10. George Williams’ arguments against group selection related to
    A. mutation, kin selection, immigration
    B.  immigration, eusociality, mutation
    C.  resource prediction, mutation, immigration
    D.  kin selection, resource prediction, eusociality
    E.  individual selection, polygamy, resource prediction

 

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 04.01
Topic: Behavioral Ecology

 

11. Males of which species usually kill infants when they take over groups of females from other males?
    A.naked mole rats.
    B. lions
    C. grouse.
    D. elk.
    E. elephant seals.

 

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 04.01
Topic: Behavioral Ecology

12. The total number of copies of genes passed on through reproductive output and through relatives is termed
    A. kin selection
    B.  Hamilton’s Rule
    C.  inclusive fitness
    D.  the coefficients of relatedness
    E.  individual selection

 

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 04.01
Topic: Behavioral Ecology

13. The raising of alarm calls by sentries in Belding’s ground squirrel is an example of
    A. altruism.
    B.  kin selection.
    C.  eusociality.
    D.  inclusive fitness.
    E.  the caste system.

 

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 04.01
Topic: Behavioral Ecology

 

14. Naked mole rats
    A.do not readily share food.
    B. are haplodiploid organisms.
    C. have a caste system.
    D. live in the prairies of North America.
    E. have no predators.

 

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 04.01
Topic: Behavioral Ecology

 

True / False Questions

15. Most studies support the idea that as flock size of birds increase, scan duration for individual birds decreases
    FALSE

 

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 04.02
Topic: Behavioral Ecology

 

Multiple Choice Questions

16. In killer whales, what group size tends to be stable?
    A. 1
    B.  2
    C.  3
    D.  4
    E.  5

 

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 04.02
Topic: Behavioral Ecology

17. Prey might group together in flocks of herds because of
    A. the many eyes hypothesis.
    B.  the selfish herd hypothesis.
    C.  optimal foraging.
    D.  both a and b
    E.  both b and c

 

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 04.02
Topic: Behavioral Ecology

 

18. The benefits to an animal of defending a territory may include
    A. increased food.
    B.  sheltered nesting sites.
    C.  more potential mates.
    D.  a, b, and c are all correct.
    E.  None of these answers are correct.

 

Bloom’s Level: 4. Analyze
Learning Outcome: 04.03
Topic: Behavioral Ecology

19. In the golden-winged sunbird (Nectarina reichenowi), defending a territory saved the bird 780 calories a day in reduced foraging activity, but cost the bird 728 calories in defense of the territory. The net change in calories due to territorial behavior was
    A. 53
    B.  1,508
    C.  -53
    D.  52
    E.  -52

 

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 04.03
Topic: Behavioral Ecology

20. Which conclusion can be drawn from the hawk/dove game?
    A. Fighting strategy is independent of what others are doing.
    B.  ESS is usually 100% hawk, 100% dove or 100% bourgeois.
    C.  ESS is dependent on the value of the rewards.
    D.  The frequency of dove behavior increases as the payoff increases.
    E.  Dove-like strategies dominate in fights over females.

 

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 04.03
Topic: Behavioral Ecology

21. In a contest where the reward for winning is +100, the cost of injury is -50, the cost of display is -20 and loses get 0, on average, who gets the largest payoff?
    A.hawkes.
    B. doves.
    C. bourgeois

 

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 04.03
Topic: Behavioral Ecology

22. In coastal western Canada, crows drop whelks so that they break on the rocky shore. Crows tend to select _________ whelks and drop them from about _________ high.
    A. small; 1m
    B.  medium; 1m
    C.  large; 1m
    D.  medium; 5m
    E.  large; 5m

 

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 04.03
Topic: Behavioral Ecology

23. A study by Eric Post and colleagues linking snowfall, wolf movement, elk death and tree growth showed
    A. heavy snow makes wolves travel in smaller packs.
    B.  wolves in smaller packs kill more moose per day.
    C.  moose density affects the growth of fir trees.
    D.  moose density increases as wolf pack size increases.
    E.  All the above are true.

 

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 04.03
Topic: Behavioral Ecology

24. In what type of mating system would sexual dimorphism be unlikely?
    A. monogamy.
    B.  polygyny.
    C.  polygamy.
    D.  polyandry.
    E.  polygamy and polyandry.

 

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 04.04
Topic: Behavioral Ecology

25. What would you expect to observe in a species with a promiscuous mating system?
    A.Intrasexual selection is very strong, with larger females.
    B. Intrasexual selection is very strong, with larger males.
    C. A female mates with a different male in every breeding season.
    D. Kin selection is not very important.
    E. Males provide nuptial gifts to female.

 

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 04.04
Topic: Behavioral Ecology

26. Which of the following is true of males in mating systems of a single male and many females?
    A. large body size, large canine size, large testis size
    B.  large body size, average canine size, small testis size
    C.  average body size, large canine size, large testis size
    D.  large body size, average canine size, large testis size
    E.  large body size, large canine size, average testis size

 

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 04.04
Topic: Behavioral Ecology

27. Which is NOT a strategy to explain monogamous mating systems?
    A.mate-guarding hypothesis
    B. male assistance hypothesis
    C. Fisher’s principle
    D. female-enforced monogamy hypothesis
    E. All the above answers can explain monogamous mating systems.

 

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 04.04
Topic: Behavioral Ecology

28. Which is an example of intrasexual selection, not intersexual selection?
    A.peahens choose to mate with peacocks with more showy tail feathers.
    B. male elephant seals fight other males to defend a harem of females.
    C. male hanging flies present nuptial gifts to females, who choose their mates on gift quality.
    D. female sticklebacks mate with males who shake it the hardest.
    E. male bower birds with longer tails mate with more females because they are more attractive.

 

Bloom’s: Level 5: Evaluate
Learning Outcome: 04.04
Topic: Behavioral Ecology

29. What is  an effect of polygyny on a population’s genetic composition?
    A.effective population size will be greater than actual populations size.
    B. effective population size will be the same as the actual population size.
    C. effective population size will be smaller than actual population size.
    D. no effect; polygyny does not influence the effective population size relative to the actual population size.

 

Bloom’s: Level 5: Evaluate
Learning Outcome: 04.04
Topic: Behavioral Ecology

30. Which is NOT a strategy to explain polygynous mating systems?
    A.resource based polygyny
    B. harem based polygyny
    C. communal courting
    D. the male enforcement hypothesis

 

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 04.04
Topic: Behavioral Ecology

31. Which mammalian taxa do not have harem mating structures?
    A.horses and zebras
    B. red deer
    C. naked mole rats
    D. elephant seals
    E. elk.

 

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 04.04
Topic: Behavioral Ecology

 

True / False Questions

32. Adaptive explanations for behaviors seek to get at ultimate causes for those behaviors.
    TRUE

 

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: CO
Topic: Behavioral Ecology

33. Behavioral ecology is the same as ethology.
    FALSE

 

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: CO
Topic: Behavioral Ecology

34. The ultimate reason that solitary grasshoppers morph into gregarious locusts is an increase in the chemical neurotransmitter serotonin.
    FALSE

 

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: CO
Topic: Behavioral Ecology

35. Only invertebrates show true eusociality.
    FALSE

 

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 04.01
Topic: Behavioral Ecology

36. Kin selection is a form of altruism.
    TRUE

 

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 04.01
Topic: Behavioral Ecology

37. Naked mole rats are diploid.
    TRUE

 

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 04.01
Topic: Behavioral Ecology

38. Territory marking is common in canids and felines.
    TRUE

 

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 04.01
Topic: Behavioral Ecology

39. One of the main proponents of group selection was G. C. Williams.
    FALSE

 

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 04.01
Topic: Behavioral Ecology

40. In a bird population in which all pairs lay two eggs and no mutations occur to increase clutch size, selfish individuals that laid more eggs could still immigrate from other areas.
    TRUE

 

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 04.01
Topic: Behavioral Ecology

41. The main advantage of a territory is that it provides exclusive access to some resource.
    TRUE

 

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 04.03
Topic: Behavioral Ecology

42. Vampire bats can die if they don’t feed for three days.
    TRUE

 

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 04.03
Topic: Behavioral Ecology

43. When crows drop whelks onto rocks in coastal Canada, the chance of whelks breaking increases as the number of drops increases.
    FALSE

 

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 04.03
Topic: Behavioral Ecology

44. Polyandry is the most common mating strategy.
    FALSE

 

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 04.04
Topic: Behavioral Ecology

45. Polygyny and polygamy are the same.
    FALSE

 

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 04.04
Topic: Behavioral Ecology

46. Honeybees are polyandrous.
    TRUE

 

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 04.04
Topic: Behavioral Ecology

 

Matching Questions

47. Match the term with the correct definition.

1.  altruism	the probability any two individuals share a copy of genes by descent.	2
2.  coefficient of relatedness	the total number of copies of genes passed on via reproduction and via relatives.	3
3.  inclusive fitness	selection that lowers one’s fitness but enhances that of a relative.	4
4.  kin selection	the development of sterile castes in social insects.	5
5.  eusociality	behavior that appears to benefit others at a cost to oneself.	1

 

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 04.01
Topic: Behavioral Ecology

48. Match the average rewards to the first strategy in hawk/dove type game where the benefits of winning are +100, injury -100, losing = 0 and display = -10
    a. Hawk vs. Hawk
    b. Hawk vs. Dove
    c. Dove vs. Dove
    i. 40
    ii. 100
    iii. 0
    Ans: a. = iii, b. = ii, c. = i

 

Bloom’s Level: 4. Analzye
Learning Outcome: 04.03
Topic: Behavioral Ecology

 

49. Match up the species with their mating system.

1.  promiscuity	bonobos, mollusks, megapode birds	1
2.  polyandry	most birds, burying beetles	3
3.  monogamy	most mammals, bullfrogs, lark bunting, lions, elephant seals	4
4.  polygyny	spotted sandpiper, jacanas, pipefish, Galapagos hawk	2

 

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 04.04
Topic: Behavioral Ecology

50. Match the following body size attributes with mating systems.

1.  polygynous	male and female similar in size	2
2.  monogamous	male much bigger than female	1
3.  polyandrous	female much bigger than male	3

 

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 04.04
Topic: Behavioral Ecology