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Hole’s Essentials of Human Anatomy & Physiology 12th Edition By david Sheir – Test Bank
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Chapter 02
Chemical Basis of Life
Multiple Choice Questions
- All of the food that we eat, liquids that we drink and medications that we take are
A. chemicals.
B. vitamins.
C. proteins.
D. nucleic acids.
E. carbohydrates.
Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 02.01
Topic: Chemistry
Fill in the Blank Questions
- Understanding ______________ is essential for understanding anatomy and physiology because body structures and functions result from chemical changes.
chemistry
Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 02.01
Topic: Chemistry
True / False Questions
- Chemistry is the branch of science that deals with the composition of matter.
TRUE
Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 02.02
Topic: Chemistry
Multiple Choice Questions
- Which of the following substances is not an element?
A. Iron
B. Oxygen
C. Water
D. Carbon
E. Hydrogen
Bloom’s Level: 4. Analyze
Learning Outcome: 02.02
Topic: Chemistry
True / False Questions
- Matter is anything that has weight and takes up space.
TRUE
Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 02.02
Topic: Chemistry
Fill in the Blank Questions
- ____________ is defined as anything that has weight and takes up space.
Matter
Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 02.02
Topic: Chemistry
- All matter is composed of atoms of fundamental substances called ________________.
elements
Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 02.02
Topic: Chemistry
Multiple Choice Questions
- Which elements make up 95% (by weight) of the human body?
A.carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen
B. carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, calcium
C. carbon, hydrogen, calcium, nitrogen
D. carbon, hydrogen, selenium, sodium
E. sodium, calcium, nitrogen, selenium
Bloom’s Level: 4. Analyze
Learning Outcome: 02.02
Topic: Chemistry
True / False Questions
- An element with an atomic number of 6 contains 12 protons.
FALSE
Bloom’s Level: 4. Analyze
Learning Outcome: 02.02
Topic: Chemistry
Fill in the Blank Questions
- At present, there are 90 known naturally occurring _______________.
elements
Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 02.02
Topic: Chemistry
Multiple Choice Questions
- Which of the following is the number of elements living organisms require?
A. 10
B. 15
C. 20
D. 90
E. 144
Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 02.02
Topic: Chemistry
True / False Questions
- The atomic weight of an atom of an element equals the number of neutrons in its nucleus.
FALSE
Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 02.02
Topic: Chemistry
Fill in the Blank Questions
- The atomic ___________ of an atom of an element equals the number of protons and neutrons in its nucleus.
weight
Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 02.02
Topic: Chemistry
- The number of protons in the atoms of a particular element is called the element’s atomic __________.
number
Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 02.02
Topic: Chemistry
- Each element is composed of characteristic tiny particles called _________________.
atoms
Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 02.02
Topic: Chemistry
- The parts of an atom that lack an electrical charge are called _________________.
neutrons
Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 02.02
Topic: Chemistry
- When atoms combine with other atoms, interactions occur between their ______________ shells.
electron
Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 02.02
Topic: Chemistry
Multiple Choice Questions
- The electrons of an atom occupy one or more areas of space called
A. bonds.
B. shells.
C. regions.
D. ions.
E. nuclei.
Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 02.02
Topic: Chemistry
- The electrons in the outermost shell of an atom determine its
A. shape.
B. weight.
C. chemical behavior.
D. mass.
E. atomic number.
Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 02.02
Topic: Chemistry
- The atoms of the isotopes of a particular element vary in the number of
A. electrons.
B. protons.
C. neutrons.
D. nuclei.
E. electron shells.
Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 02.02
Topic: Chemistry
True / False Questions
- Sodium and chloride ions readily combine because they have opposite charges.
TRUE
Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 02.02
Topic: Chemistry
- An atom that has gained or lost electrons is called an ion.
TRUE
Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 02.02
Topic: Chemistry
Fill in the Blank Questions
- Atoms that gain or lose electrons become electrically charged and are called _____________.
ions
Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 02.02
Topic: Chemistry
- The type of chemical bond formed when atoms share electrons is called _______________.
covalent
Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 02.02
Topic: Chemistry
Multiple Choice Questions
- The first electron shell of an atom can hold a maximum of
A. 1 electron.
B. 2 electrons.
C. 4 electrons.
D. 8 electrons.
E. 16 electrons.
Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 02.02
Topic: Chemistry
True / False Questions
- A covalent bond is formed by two atoms that share electrons.
TRUE
Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 02.02
Topic: Chemistry
- The molecular formula for compounds like sodium chloride (NaCl) give the relative amounts of each element present.
TRUE
Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 02.02
Topic: Chemistry
Multiple Choice Questions
- The formula H2O means
A. an atom contains 2 hydrogen molecules and 1 oxygen molecule.
B. an atom contains 1 hydrogen atom and 2 oxygen molecules.
C. a molecule contains 2 hydrogen atoms and 1 oxygen atom.
D. a molecule contains 1 hydrogen atom and 2 oxygen atoms.
E. a molecule contains 2 hydrogen atoms and no oxygen atoms.
Bloom’s Level: 4. Analyze
Learning Outcome: 02.02
Topic: Chemistry
True / False Questions
- If two pairs of electrons are shared, the resulting bond is called a double covalent bond.
TRUE
Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 02.02
Topic: Chemistry
Fill in the Blank Questions
- The type of chemical bond formed when ions with opposite electrical charges are attracted to one another is called _________________________.
ionic
Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 02.02
Topic: Chemistry
Multiple Choice Questions
- The attraction of the positive hydrogen end of a polar molecule to the negative nitrogen or oxygen end of another polar molecule is called a(an)
A. ionic bond.
B. double bond.
C. triple bond.
D. hydrogen bond.
E. covalent bond.
Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 02.02
Topic: Chemistry
True / False Questions
- When two or more atoms bond, they form a new kind of particle called a molecule.
TRUE
Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 02.02
Topic: Chemistry
Fill in the Blank Questions
- When atoms of different elements bond, they form molecules called _____________.
compounds
Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 02.02
Topic: Chemistry
True / False Questions
- A molecule of a compound always contains definite kinds and numbers of atoms.
TRUE
Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 02.02
Topic: Chemistry
- Water is an example of a compound.
TRUE
Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 02.02
Topic: Chemistry
- A molecular formula represents the numbers and types of atoms in a molecule.
TRUE
Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 02.02
Topic: Chemistry
Fill in the Blank Questions
- A _________ formula shows how atoms are joined and arranged in various molecules.
structural
Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 02.02
Topic: Chemistry
True / False Questions
- If the bonds of a reactant molecule break so that simpler molecules, atoms or ions form, the reaction is an exchange reaction.
FALSE
Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 02.02
Topic: Chemistry
Fill in the Blank Questions
- A _______________ reaction is symbolized as A+B®AB.
synthesis
Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 02.02
Topic: Chemistry
- A ______________ reaction is symbolized as AB®A+B.
decomposition
Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 02.02
Topic: Chemistry
Multiple Choice Questions
- A chemical reaction in which pairs of two different molecules trade positions is called a(an) _________ reaction.
A. decomposition
B. exchange
C. reversible
D. synthesis
E. irreversible
Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 02.02
Topic: Chemistry
True / False Questions
- When two or more atoms (reactants) bond to form a more complex structure (product) the reaction is called synthesis.
TRUE
Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 02.02
Topic: Chemistry
Fill in the Blank Questions
- The opposite of a decomposition reaction is called a __________________ reaction.
synthesis
Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 02.02
Topic: Chemistry
Multiple Choice Questions
- A decomposition reaction can be symbolized as ________.
A. A+B®C+D
B. A+B®AB
C. AB®A+B
D. C+D®AB
E. AB + CD ® AC + BD
Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 02.02
Topic: Chemistry
True / False Questions
- A pH value indicates the hydrogen ion concentration in solutions, including body fluids.
TRUE
Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 02.02
Topic: Chemistry
Fill in the Blank Questions
- pH is a measure of _________ ion concentration.
hydrogen
Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 02.02
Topic: Chemistry
True / False Questions
- The pH scale ranges from 0 to 14.
TRUE
Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Topic: Chemistry
Fill in the Blank Questions
- A pH of ___________ is the midpoint of the pH scale and signifies equal numbers of hydrogen and hydroxide ions.
7
Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 02.02
Topic: Chemistry
- A solution that contains more hydrogen ions than hydroxide ions is _________.
acidic
Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 02.02
Topic: Chemistry
Multiple Choice Questions
- Which term describes a solution that contains more hydroxide ions than hydrogen ions?
A. Basic
B. Neutral
C. Low pH
D. Acidic
E. None of the above
Bloom’s Level: 4. Analyze
Learning Outcome: 02.02
Topic: Chemistry
- Each whole number on the pH scale represents a ____ – fold difference in hydrogen ion concentration.
A. 15
B. 100
C. 20
D. 10
E. 2
Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 02.02
Topic: Chemistry
- As hydrogen ion concentration increases, the pH number
A. gets.
B. gets smaller.
C. stays the same.
D. becomes negative.
E. approaches 14.
Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 02.02
Topic: Chemistry
- A solution that has a pH of 6 has ten times the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution with a pH of
A. 7.
B. 5.
C. 8.
D. 2.
E. 0.6.
Bloom’s Level: 4. Analyze
Learning Outcome: 02.02
Topic: Chemistry
True / False Questions
- A substance that releases hydrogen ions in water is a base.
FALSE
Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 02.02
Topic: Chemistry
Fill in the Blank Questions
- An ______________ is defined as a substance that ionizes in water.
electrolyte
Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 02.02
Topic: Chemistry
True / False Questions
- An acid is defined as an electrolyte that releases hydroxide ions (OH–) in water.
FALSE
Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 02.02
Topic: Chemistry
Multiple Choice Questions
- A person has alkalosis if the blood pH
A. rises above 7.0.
B. drops below 7.0.
C. rises above 7.4.
D. drops below 7.4.
E. steadily decreases.
Bloom’s Level: 3. Apply
Learning Outcome: 02.02
Topic: Chemistry
- As a group, compounds that release ions when they dissolve in water are called
A. acids.
B. bases.
C. salts.
D. electrolytes.
E. solvents.
Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 02.02
Topic: Chemistry
- Chemicals that resist changes in pH are called
A. buffers.
B. electrolytes.
C. acids.
D. bases.
E. none of the above.
Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 02.02
Topic: Chemistry
True / False Questions
- Buffers combine with hydrogen ions when H+ is in excess or they donate hydroxide ions when H+ isdepleted.
FALSE
Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 02.02
Topic: Chemistry
Fill in the Blank Questions
- ____________ are chemicals that resist changes in pH.
Buffers
Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 02.02
Topic: Chemistry
True / False Questions
- A salt is a compound composed of oppositely charged ions.
TRUE
Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 02.02
Topic: Chemistry
Multiple Choice Questions
Chapter 04
Cellular Metabolism
Multiple Choice Questions
- Genes carry information that instructs a cell to
A. make glycogen.
B. make specific proteins from amino acids.
C. use energy.
D. convert nucleic acids into proteins.
E. take in proteins from the cell membrane.
Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 04.01
Topic: Genetics
True / False Questions
- Special proteins called enzymes control the reactions of metabolism.
TRUE
Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 04.01
Topic: Nutrition and Metabolism
Multiple Choice Questions
- Anabolism includes
A. the buildup of larger molecules from smaller ones, requiring energy.
B. all processes required to maintain life.
C. processes that decompose structures in cells.
D. the breakdown of larger molecules into smaller ones, releasing energy.
E. the taking in of proteins from the cell membrane.
Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 04.02
Topic: Nutrition and Metabolism
- In dehydration synthesis
A. larger molecules are decomposed into smaller ones.
B. monosaccharides are joined.
C. water molecules become joined to monosaccharide molecules.
D. the molecule is decomposed into carbon dioxide and water.
E. a person develops constipation.
Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 04.02
Topic: Nutrition and Metabolism
True / False Questions
- Catalysis is the speeding of a chemical reaction.
TRUE
Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 04.02
Topic: Nutrition and Metabolism
Multiple Choice Questions
- A piece of bread held in the mouth begins to taste sweet as large carbohydrate molecules are broken down into smaller sugars. These reactions are examples of
A. DNA guiding the production of a particular protein.
B. dehydration synthesis.
C. anabolism.
D. DNA synthesis.
E. catabolism.
Bloom’s Level: 3. Apply
Learning Outcome: 04.02
Topic: Nutrition and Metabolism
- A sucrose molecule decomposing to yield a glucose molecule and a fructose molecule
A. is an example of dehydration synthesis.
B. releases a water molecule.
C. uses a water molecule.
D. only occurs if a person follows a high carbohydrate diet.
E. can also decompose to yield two glucose molecules.
Bloom’s Level: 3. Apply
Learning Outcome: 04.02
Topic: Chemistry
- An example of catabolism is
A. the formation of water.
B. hydrolysis.
C. dehydration synthesis.
D. two amino acids forming a dipeptide.
E. building a cell membrane.
Learning Outcome: 04.02
Topic: Nutrition and Metabolism
- Anabolism and catabolism together constitute
A. metabolism.
B. protein synthesis.
C. dehydration synthesis.
D. hydrolysis.
E. digestion.
Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 04.02
Topic: Nutrition and Metabolism
- Enzymes
A. increase activation energy.
B. slow metabolic reactions.
C. are mostly nucleic acids.
D. do not change as they control reactions.
E. are consumed in reactions.
Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 04.03
Topic: Chemistry
- Almost all enzymes are proteins but a few are
A. DNA.
B. carbohydrates.
C. RNA.
D. triglycerides.
E. lipids.
Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 04.03
Topic: Chemistry
- Enzymes enable chemical reactions in organisms to proceed fast enough to sustain life by
A. raising the activation energy.
B. lowering the activation energy.
C. creating more efficient metabolic pathways.
D. bringing energy in the form of ATP molecules into cells.
E. sending ATP molecules out of cells.
Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 04.03
Topic: Chemistry
- Each enzyme acts only on a particular chemical called its
A. gene.
B. catalyst.
C. activator.
D. complement.
E. substrate.
Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 04.03
Topic: Chemistry
- The enzyme catalase acts on the substrate
A. oxygen.
B. hydrogen.
C. hydrogen peroxide.
D. peroxidase.
E. cholesterol.
Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 04.03
Topic: Chemistry
True / False Questions
- Enzymes are nucleic acids that promote specific chemical reactions.
FALSE
Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 04.03
Topic: Chemistry
Multiple Choice Questions
- The part of an enzyme that combines with a specific part of the substrate is called the
A. passive site.
B. active site.
C. passive diffusion.
D. nucleus.
E. co-factor.
Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 04.03
Topic: Chemistry
- Which of the following describes the steps in the correct order for an enzyme-catalyzed reaction?
A. Substrate, enzyme, enzyme-substrate complex, product+enzyme molecule
B. Enzyme, substrate, product, enzyme-substrate complex+enzyme molecule
C. Product, enzyme-substrate complex, enzyme, substrate+enzyme molecule
D. Enzyme-substrate complex, enzyme, substrate, product+ enzyme molecule
E. Enzyme, product, enzyme-product complex, substrate
Bloom’s Level: 4. Analyze
Learning Outcome: 04.03
Topic: Chemistry
- The active site of an enzyme is the part that
A. temporarily combines with the eventual product of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction.
B. temporarily combines with a specific part of the substrate, forming an enzyme-substrate complex.
C. temporarily combines with a specific part of another enzyme molecule to speed up an enzyme-catalyzed reaction.
D. helps to slow down an enzyme-catalyzed reaction.
E. must be frequently replaced.
Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 04.03
Topic: Chemistry
True / False Questions
- A nonprotein component with which some enzymes must combine in order to be active is called a co-factor.
TRUE
Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 04.03
Topic: Chemistry
Multiple Choice Questions
- A protein that is altered by exposure to certain chemicals, heat, extremes of pH, electricity, or radiation, is said to be
A. unnatural.
B. genetically modified.
C. denatured.
D. mutated.
E. reincarnated.
Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 04.03
Topic: Chemistry
True / False Questions
- Cells burn glucose in a process called oxidation.
TRUE
Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 04.04
Topic: Nutrition and Metabolism
- Oxidation is a process that forms bonds between the atoms of molecules.
FALSE
Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 04.04
Topic: Nutrition and Metabolism
- Most metabolic processes use chemical energy.
TRUE
Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 04.04
Topic: Nutrition and Metabolism
Multiple Choice Questions
- The reactions of anaerobic respiration occur in the
A. cytosol.
B. mitochondria.
C. nucleus.
D. Golgi apparatus.
E. vesicles.
Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 04.04
Topic: Nutrition and Metabolism
- Cellular respiration occurs in three distinct, yet interconnected series of reactions. Which of the following gives the correct order of these reactions?
A. Electron transport chain, glycolysis and citric acid cycle
B. Glycolysis, electron transport chain and citric acid cycle
C. Citric acid cycle, glycolysis and electron transport chain
D. Glycolysis, citric acid cycle and electron transport chain
E. Electron transport chain, citric acid cycle, glycolysis
Bloom’s Level: 4. Analyze
Learning Outcome: 04.04
Topic: Nutrition and Metabolism
- Which of the following substances becomes more abundant during cellular respiration?
A. oxygen.
B. glucose.
C. sucrose.
D. glycogen.
E. ATP.
Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 04.04
Topic: Nutrition and Metabolism
- An ATP molecule that loses its terminal phosphate becomes
A. AMP.
B. cyclic AMP.
C. a glucose molecule.
D. ADP.
E. an activated ATP.
Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 04.04
Topic: Nutrition and Metabolism
- During the anaerobic phase of cellular respiration, one molecule of glucose
A. is broken down to yield two molecules of pyruvic acid.
B. combines with another to yield one molecule of pyruvic acid.
C. is converted into a molecule of pyruvic acid.
D. is broken down to yield one molecule of pyruvic acid and one molecule of lactic acid.
E. remains unchanged.
Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 04.04
Topic: Nutrition and Metabolism
True / False Questions
- An ATP molecule consists of an adenine, a ribose and three phosphates.
TRUE
Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 04.04
Topic: Nutrition and Metabolism
Multiple Choice Questions
- The part of an ATP molecule that holds the energy used in metabolism is
A. the sugar.
B. the nitrogen-containing base.
C. the phosphate bonds.
D. the amino acid.
E. the adenine.
Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 04.04
Topic: Nutrition and Metabolism
- Glycolysis is referred to as the ____________ phase of cellular respiration because it does not require oxygen.
A. anaerobic
B. aerobic
C. probiotic
D. pyruvic
E. deoxygenic
Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 04.04
Topic: Nutrition and Metabolism
- For each molecule of glucose that is decomposed completely, up to _______ molecules of ATP can be produced.
A. 34
B. 38
C. 25
D. 3
E. 100
Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 04.04
Topic: Nutrition and Metabolism
- The organelle that houses the reactions of aerobic respiration is the
A. mitochondrion.
B. nucleus.
C. Golgi apparatus.
D. lysosome.
E. oxysome.
Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 04.04
Topic: Nutrition and Metabolism
- The two molecules that enter the citric acid cycle are a
A. two 3-carbon compounds and 38 ATPs.
B. 4-carbon compound and an acetyl CoA.
C. 2-carbon compound and 4-carbon acetyl CoA.
D. a pyruvic acid and a glucose.
E. glucose and a fructose.
Bloom’s Level: 4. Analyze
Learning Outcome: 04.04
Topic: Nutrition and Metabolism
True / False Questions
- Of the 38 molecules of ATP generated in one round of the reactions of cellular respiration, only two come from glycolysis.
TRUE
Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 04.04
Topic: Nutrition and Metabolism
- Complete oxidation of glucose results in nitrogen and water.
FALSE
Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 04.04
Topic: Nutrition and Metabolism
- A metabolic pathway is a particular sequence of enzyme-controlled reactions.
TRUE
Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 04.05
Topic: Nutrition and Metabolism
- A metabolic pathway is a sequence of enzyme-catalyzed reactions.
TRUE
Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 04.05
Topic: Nutrition and Metabolism
Multiple Choice Questions
- A rate-limiting enzyme is typically the first enzyme in a series. This position is important because
A. if the reaction stops, the enzyme will have a chance to act.
B. the first enzyme is the fastest in the pathway.
C. the enzymes lose energy farther along the metabolic pathway.
D. a rate-limiting enzyme that acts later in the pathway could lead to build up of an intermediate chemical.
E. the enzyme is destroyed farther along the pathway.
Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 04.05
Topic: Nutrition and Metabolism
- The parts of a DNA molecule that contain the genetic information for making particular proteins are the
A. nitrogenous bases.
B. sugars.
C. amino acids.
D. triglycerides.
E. phosphates.
Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 04.06
Topic: Genetics
True / False Questions
- Genes pass to the next generation in eggs and sperm.
TRUE
Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 04.06
Topic: Genetics
- A genome is a section of DNA in which the nitrogenous base sequence encodes a specific sequence of amino acids.
FALSE
Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 04.06
Topic: Genetics
Multiple Choice Questions
- The proportion of the human genome that encodes protein is about ___ percent.
A. 98.
B. 50.
C. 30.
D. 10.
E. 2.
Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 04.06
Topic: Genetics
- The genetic code
A. is a sequence of amino acids that instructs cells how to make specific nucleic acids.
B. is a sequence of nucleic acid bases that instructs cells how to make specific protein molecules.
C. is the sequence of nucleus, rough ER, smooth ER, and the Golgi apparatus.
D. is a sequence of proteins embedded in the cell membrane.
E. is a sequence of amino acids and DNA bases.
Bloom’s Level: 4. Analyze
Learning Outcome: 04.07
Topic: Genetics
- All of the DNA in a cell constitutes the
A. gene.
B. nucleus.
C. amino acid code.
D. genome.
E. proteome.
Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 04.06
Topic: Genetics
- A DNA strand has the sequence T, C, G, A, T, C. The sequence of the complementary strand is
A. T, C, G, A, T, C.
B. A, G, C, T, A, G.
C. U, C, G, A, U, C.
D. A, G, C, U, A, G.
E. C, T, A, G, C, T.
Bloom’s Level: 3. Apply
Learning Outcome: 04.06
Topic: Genetics
- The complementary base pairs in DNA are
A. A with G and C with T.
B. A with G and C with U.
C. A with A, G with G, C with C, and T with T.
D. A with T and G with C.
E. random.
Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 04.06
Topic: Genetics
- A DNA molecule
A. is twisted into a triple helix.
B. is composed of joined nucleotides.
C. is single-stranded.
D. contains RNA.
E. is globular shaped.
Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 04.06
Topic: Genetics
- DNA replicates by
A. the double helix separating and pulling in new complementary bases.
B. creating an entirely new double helix.
C. exiting the cell and bringing in new DNA bases.
D. using RNA to manufacture protein molecules.
E. shattering into pieces that reproduce themselves and attach at random.
Bloom’s Level: 4. Analyze
Learning Outcome: 04.06
Topic: Genetics
- If a strand of DNA molecule contained the base sequence C, T, A, G, C, the complementary strand would contain the base sequence
A. A, G, C, T, A.
B. G, A, T, C, G.
C. C, T, A, G, C.
D. T, G, C, A, T.
E. G, C, A, T, C.
Bloom’s Level: 3. Apply
Learning Outcome: 04.06
Topic: Genetics
True / False Questions
- The four nitrogenous bases in DNA are adenine, cytosine, guanine and uracil.
FALSE
Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 04.06
Topic: Genetics
Multiple Choice Questions
- The transfer of genetic information from the nucleus into the cytoplasm is a function of
A. DNA molecules.
B. ribosomal RNA.
C. messenger RNA.
D. transfer RNA.
E. the energy level of the cell.
Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 04.07
Topic: Genetics
- If a DNA strand has the organic base sequence T, T, A, C, G, A, the corresponding base sequence of a messenger RNA molecule would be
A. A, A, U, G, C, U.
B. A, A, T, G, C, T.
C. T, T, A, C, G, A.
D. U, U, T, G, C, T.
E. A, G, C, A, T, T.
Bloom’s Level: 3. Apply
Learning Outcome: 04.07
Topic: Genetics
- During protein synthesis, amino acids are positioned in the proper sequence by molecules of
A. ribosomal RNA.
B. transfer RNA.
C. messenger RNA.
D. nuclear RNA.
E. DNA.
Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 04.07
Topic: Genetics
- Copying of the information in DNA into RNA, which can exit the nucleus is called
A. translation.
B. deamination.
C. transcription.
D. replication.
E. transduction.
Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 04.07
Topic: Genetics
- RNA molecules differ from DNA molecules in several ways. (choose the best answer)
A. RNA molecules are single-stranded, their nucleotides include the sugar ribose and the nucleotide uracil.
B. RNA molecules are double-stranded, their nucleotides include the sugar ribose and the nucleotide uracil.
C. RNA molecules are single-stranded, their nucleotides include the sugar deoxyribose and the nucleotide uracil.
D. RNA molecules are double-stranded, their nucleotides include the sugar deoxyribose and the nucleotide uracil.
E. RNA molecules are triple-stranded, their nucleotides include the sugar glucose and the nucleotide uracil.
Bloom’s Level: 4. Analyze
Learning Outcome: 04.07
Topic: Genetics
True / False Questions
- A codon is a set of three nucleotides of an mRNA molecule that correspond to a particular amino acid.
TRUE
Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 04.07
Topic: Genetics
- Translation is the assembly of an amino acid chain according to the sequence of base triplets in a transfer RNA molecule.
FALSE
Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 04.07
Topic: Genetics
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