Human Biology 15 Edition By Sylvia Mader – Test Bank

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Human Biology 15 Edition By Sylvia Mader – Test Bank

 Sample Questions

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Chapter 02: Testbank

 

Student: ___________________________________________________________________________

 

1. The smallest unit of an element that still retains the chemical and physical properties of that element is called a(n)

 

 

 

 

1. molecular bond.

 

 

2. In an atom, the number of protons always equals the number of

 

 

 

 

1. neutrons and protons.

 

 

 

3. How many elements occur naturally?

 

 

1. 112

 

1. 92

 

1. 64

 

1. 32

 

1. 6

 

4. The atomic number of an atom is determined by the number of

 

 

 

 

 

1. protons and neutrons.

 

1. protons and electrons.

 

5. An element cannot be broken down by chemical means.

 

True False

 

6. Why is He positioned above Ne in the periodic table?

 

 

1. They both have the same atomic mass.

 

1. They both have the same number of electrons in their outermost orbital.

 

1. They both have a full outermost orbital.

 

1. They both have the same atomic number.

 

1. They both have the same number of protons in their nuclei.

 

7. Be has an atomic number of 4 and an atomic mass of 9. How many protons does it have?

 

 

1. 4

 

1. 5

 

1. 9

 

1. 13

 

1. 7

 

8. What is the symbol for sodium?

 

 

1. Na

 

1. S

 

1. So

 

1. N

 

1. Dm

 

9. Which of the following elements will have more than two electrons and have a full outer orbital?

 

 

1. He

 

1. Ne

 

1. C

 

1. N

 

1. O

 

10. Isotopes of an element differ due to the number of

 

 

 

 

 

1. both protons and electrons.

 

 

11. Carbon dating is a common method employed in dating certain kinds of fossils. It is based on the radioactive decay of an isotope of carbon (C¹⁴). Referring to the atomic number of carbon attained from the periodic table, how many neutrons does C¹⁴ have?

 

 

1. 2

 

1. 4

 

1. 8

 

1. 12

 

1. 14

 

12. What substance is used in medicine to produce various images of organs and tissues?

 

 

1. a mixture

 

1. a tracer

 

1. an emulsion

 

1. a colloid

 

1. a sensor

 

13. Radiation can have both positive and negative impact on humans.

 

True False

 

14. Two or more atoms joined together through the sharing of electrons are called a(n)

 

 

1. atomic unit.

 

 

 

 

 

15. Ca₃(PO₄)₂ represents a(n)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

16. Atoms that share electrons have what type of bonds?

 

 

1. covalent

 

1. neutral

 

1. hydrogen

 

1. colloidal

 

1. ionic

 

17. CaCl₂ is a salt that forms as the result of what type of bond?

 

 

1. covalent

 

1. hydrogen

 

1. polar

 

1. nonpolar

 

1. ionic

 

18. Water makes up 60–70% of total body weight.

 

True False

 

19. Which type of bond is responsible for holding two water molecules together, creating the properties of water?

 

 

1. hydrogen

 

1. covalent

 

1. ionic

 

1. polar

 

1. double covalent

 

20. Hydrogen bonds

 

 

1. result from the loss of neutrons by an atom.

 

1. result in the formation of salts.

 

1. involve the loss and gain of electrons.

 

1. involve the sharing of electrons.

 

1. are relatively weak and can be broken rather easily.

 

21. The reason water is polar is because

 

 

1. in polar molecules atoms share electrons evenly.

 

1. the electrons spend more time circling the oxygen atom than the hydrogens.

 

1. hydrophilic molecules interact with water.

 

1. hydrophobic molecules do not interact with water.

 

1. there is a transfer of electrons from the hydrogen to the oxygen.

 

22. Which of the following characteristics of water is most responsible for the sinking of the Titanic?

 

 

1. Water is liquid at room temperature.

 

1. Water has a high heat of vaporization.

 

1. The temperature of liquid water rises and falls slowly.

 

1. Frozen water is less dense than liquid water.

 

1. Water molecules are cohesive.

 

23. On a warm day in April, Tina jumped into the swimming pool. To her surprise the water was really cold. Which property of water did she discover?

 

 

1. Water molecules are cohesive.

 

1. The temperature of liquid water rises and falls slowly.

 

1. Water possesses hydrogen bonds.

 

1. Water is a polar molecule.

 

1. Frozen water is less dense than liquid water.

 

24. William noticed water mysteriously climbing up a capillary tube. This is an example of which property of water?

 

 

1. Frozen water is less dense than liquid water.

 

1. The temperature of liquid water rises and falls slowly.

 

1. Water molecules are cohesive.

 

1. Water has a high heat of vaporization.

 

1. Water is a solvent.

 

25. In an acidic solution, the number of H⁺ is

 

 

1. less than the number of OH^–.
2. greater than the number of OH^–.
3. equal to the number of OH^–.
4. 3 times less than the number of OH^–.
5. 10 times less than the number of OH^–.

 

26. A solution with a pH of 7 has 10 times as many H⁺ as a pH of 6.

 

True False

 

27. A solution containing 0.00001 moles of H⁺ has a pH of

 

4. 5.
5. 7.
6. 9.
7. 11.

 

28. The presence of a buffer in our blood helps maintain homeostasis.

 

True False

 

29. Joining small molecules (monomers) together to form longer chains (polymers) requires a process called

 

 

1. a hydrolysis reaction.

 

1. a dehydration reaction.

 

 

 

 

30. Which of the following is not one of the four classes of organic molecules found in cells?

 

 

1. vitamins

 

1. lipids

 

1. proteins

 

1. carbohydrates

 

1. nucleic acids

 

31. In biology, calling something organic means that it was grown without the use of any type of herbicide.

 

True False

 

32. NaCl is not an organic molecule.

 

True False

 

33. After lunch, our digestive system will use the process of hydrolysis to break the food down into smaller subunits.

 

 

True   False

 

34. A hydrolysis reaction involves the loss of water.

 

True False

 

35. Which grouping of elements is found in carbohydrates?

 

 

1. C – H – O

 

1. C – H – P

 

1. H – O – Cl

 

1. N – S – O

 

1. Ca – H – O

 

36. Sugars with three to seven carbon atoms are called

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

37. A potato stores a reserve of energy in its underground tuber in the form of

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

38. Which of the following is not a monosaccharide?

 

 

1. glucose

 

1. fructose

 

1. galactose

 

1. maltose

 

1. None of these are monosaccharides.

 

39. Which polysacccharide is stored as an energy source in the body of animals?

 

 

1. glycogen

 

1. glucose

 

1. cellulose

 

1. starch

 

1. chitin

 

40. What passes through the digestive tract as fiber or roughage?

 

 

1. maltose

 

1. glucose

 

1. glycogen

 

1. starch

 

1. cellulose

 

41. Which of the following foods would be a good source of fiber?

 

 

1. peaches

 

1. whole-wheat bread

 

1. peanuts

 

1. bran cereal

 

1. All of these are good sources of fiber.

 

42. Which polysaccharide is branched the most?

 

 

1. cellulose

 

1. starch

 

1. glycogen

 

1. glucose

 

1. fructose

 

43. Which polysaccharide is consumed as a source of fiber?

 

 

1. cellulose

 

1. glycogen

 

1. glucose

 

1. chitin

 

1. starch

 

44. The main function of carbohydrates is for long-term energy storage.

 

True False

 

45. Our body is capable of converting starch into glycogen.

 

True False

 

46. Starch, cellulose, and glycogen are alike in that they

 

 

1. are all made of glucose.

 

1. contain the same number of side chains.

 

1. have the same types of bonds between the monomer units.

 

1. are all found in animals.

 

1. can all be digested by our bodies.

 

47. A fat contains how many fatty acids?

 

 

1. 1

 

1. 2

 

1. 3

 

1. 4

 

1. 5

 

48. How are fats, phospholipids, and steroids alike?

 

 

1. They are all solid at room temperature.

 

1. They each contain a polar phosphate group.

 

1. They each contain only one fatty acid.

 

1. They do not dissolve in water.

 

1. They all contain at least one carbon ring.

 

49. A fatty acid that contains only single bonds between the carbon atoms is considered

 

 

 

 

1. trans unsaturated.

 

1. a cholestrol.

 

1. a steroid.

 

50. Fats are usually of animal origin, while oils are usually of plant origin.

 

True False

 

51. The sex hormones belong to which category of lipids?

 

 

1. steroids

 

1. fats

 

1. oils

 

1. triglycerides

 

1. phospholipids

 

52. The membranes of cells are composed primarily of

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

53. Fats and oils function better than other biological molecules as energy-storage molecules because of the carbon they contain.

 

 

True   False

 

54. The monomer unit of a protein is

 

1. fatty acids.

 

1. amino acids.

 

 

 

1. nucleic acids.

 

55. What makes each amino acid unique?

 

 

1. the central carbon

 

1. the R group

 

1. the amino group

 

1. the carboxyl group

 

1. the carbon ring

 

56. Which of the following is not a function of proteins?

 

 

1. quick energy

 

1. support

 

1. transport

 

1. enzymes

 

1. motion

 

57. Why does a protein not function after it has been denatured?

 

 

1. The normal bonding between the R groups has been disturbed and the protein loses its normal shape.

 

1. The normal bonding between the beta sheets has been disturbed and the protein loses its normal shape.

 

1. The normal bonding between the hydrogens in the alpha helix has been disturbed and the protein loses its normal shape.

 

1. The R groups form additional bonds causing the structure to become more compact.

 

1. The normal peptide bonds are ruptured and the individual amino acids are not held together any more.

 

58. An alpha helix or a beta sheet are examples of what level of protein structure?

 

 

1. secondary

 

1. primary

 

1. tertiary

 

1. quaternary

 

1. octagon

 

59. Which level of protein structure is characterized by alpha and beta sheets in which hydrogen bonding holds the shape in place?

 

 

1. secondary structure

 

1. primary structure

 

1. tertiary structure

 

1. quaternary structure

 

1. pentagonal structure

 

60. When two amino acids combine via a dehydration reaction,

 

 

1. a peptide bond is formed.

 

1. the R groups are lost.

 

1. water is added to begin the reaction.

 

1. the carboxyl group of each join together.

 

1. the amino group of each join together.

 

61. The primary level of protein structure is composed of amino acids in a linear sequence joined by peptide bonds.

 

 

True   False

 

 

62. All amino acids are alike in that their R groups are polar.

 

True False

 

63. The sides of the DNA ladder (backbone) are

 

 

1. alternating carbons and nitrogens.

 

1. the R

 

1. the nitrogenous bases.

 

1. alternating nitrogens and phosphates.

 

1. sugars and phosphates.

 

64. When an ATP molecule is used to supply energy, which of the following occurs?

 

 

1. a phosphate bond is added

 

1. a phosphate bond is broken

 

1. oxygen is removed

 

1. oxygen is added

 

1. an adenine is added

 

65. Which of the following nitrogenous bases is not found in DNA?

 

 

1. cytosine

 

1. thymine

 

1. uracil

 

1. guanine

 

1. adenine

 

66. Which of the following is not present in a nucleotide?

 

 

1. phosphate

 

1. nitrogenous base

 

1. five-ring sugar

 

1. an R group

 

1. a pentose

 

67. A species has 29% of its DNA composed of the nucleotide containing guanine (G). What percent does the nitrogen base thymine (T) equal?

 

 

1. 58%

 

1. 42%

 

1. 21%

 

1. 67%

 

1. 29%

 

68. ATP carries energy in the form of high-energy

 

 

1. carbohydrate bonds.

 

1. peptide bonds.

 

1. lipid bonds.

 

1. phosphate bonds.

 

1. hydrogen bonds.

 

69. The function of RNA in the body is to store the genetic information in the nucleus.

 

True False

 

70. ATP is called the energy currency of the body because it is a type of electricity

 

True False

 

71. List the functions of proteins.

 

 

 

72. List the properties of water.

 

 

 

73. Describe the structure and function of the DNA molecule.

 

Chapter 02: Testbank Key

 

 

1. The smallest unit of an element that still retains the chemical and physical properties of that element is called a(n)

 

 

 

 

1. atom.

 

1. molecular bond.

 

 

 

An atom is the smallest unit of an element that still retains the chemical and physical properties of that element.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember

 

Learning Outcome: 02.01.01 Distinguish between atoms and elements.

 

Section: 02.01

 

Topic: Atomic Structure

 

2. In an atom, the number of protons always equals the number of

 

 

 

 

1. neutrons and protons.

 

 

 

 

In an atom, the number of protons always equals the number of electrons.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember

 

Learning Outcome: 02.01.02 Describe the structure of an atom.

 

Section: 02.01

Topic: Atomic Structure

 

3. How many elements occur naturally?

 

1. 112

 

1. 92

 

1. 64

 

1. 32

 

1. 6

 

 

There are 92 naturally occurring elements.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember

 

Learning Outcome: 02.01.01 Distinguish between atoms and elements.

 

Section: 02.01

 

Topic: Atomic Structure

 

4. The atomic number of an atom is determined by the number of

 

 

 

 

 

1. protons and neutrons.

 

1. protons and electrons.

 

 

The atomic number of an atom is determined by the number of protons.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember

 

Learning Outcome: 02.01.02 Describe the structure of an atom.

 

Section: 02.01

 

Topic: Atomic Structure

 

5. An element cannot be broken down by chemical means.

 

TRUE

 

 

An element is one of the basic building blocks of matter and cannot be broken down by chemical means.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember

 

Learning Outcome: 02.01.01 Distinguish between atoms and elements.

 

Section: 02.01

 

Topic: Atomic Structure

 

6. Why is He positioned above Ne in the periodic table?

 

 

1. They both have the same atomic mass.

 

1. They both have the same number of electrons in their outermost orbital.

 

1. They both have a full outermost orbital.

 

1. They both have the same atomic number.

 

1. They both have the same number of protons in their nuclei.

 

 

He has a full outermost orbital with two electrons. Ne has a full outermost orbital with eight electrons.

 

Blooms Level: 5. Evaluate

 

Learning Outcome: 02.01.02 Describe the structure of an atom.

 

Section: 02.01

 

Topic: Atomic Structure

 

7. Be has an atomic number of 4 and an atomic mass of 9. How many protons does it have?

 

 

1. 4

 

1. 5

 

1. 9

 

1. 13

 

1. 7

 

 

The atomic number gives the number of protons, so Be has 4 protons.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand

 

Learning Outcome: 02.01.02 Describe the structure of an atom.

 

Section: 02.01

 

Topic: Atomic Structure

8. What is the symbol for sodium?

 

 

1. Na

 

1. S

 

1. So

 

1. N

 

1. Dm

 

 

Na (short for natrium) is the symbol for sodium.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember

 

Learning Outcome: 02.01.01 Distinguish between atoms and elements.

 

Section: 02.01

 

Topic: Atomic Structure

 

 

9. Which of the following elements will have more than two electrons and have a full outer orbital?

 

1. He

 

1. Ne

 

1. C

 

1. N

 

1. O

 

 

He contains 2 electrons and Ne contains 10 electrons. Both have their outermost orbital filled.

 

Blooms Level: 4. Analyze

 

Learning Outcome: 02.01.02 Describe the structure of an atom.

 

Section: 02.01

Topic: Atomic Structure

 

 

10. Isotopes of an element differ due to the number of

 

1. protons.

 

1. neutrons.

 

 

1. both protons and electrons.

 

 

 

Isotopes of an element differ due to the number of neutrons.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand

 

Learning Outcome: 02.01.03 Define an isotope and summarize its application in both medicine and biology.

 

Section: 02.01

 

Topic: Atomic Structure

 

11. Carbon dating is a common method employed in dating certain kinds of fossils. It is based on the radioactive decay of an isotope of carbon (C¹⁴). Referring to the atomic number of carbon attained from the periodic table, how many neutrons does C¹⁴ have?

 

 

1. 2

 

1. 4

 

1. 8

 

1. 12
2. 14

Carbon 14 (C¹⁴) possesses two more neutrons than carbon 12 (C¹²), for a total of 8 neutrons.

 

Blooms Level: 3. Apply

 

Learning Outcome: 02.01.03 Define an isotope and summarize its application in both medicine and biology.

 

Section: 02.01

 

Topic: Atomic Structure

 

12. What substance is used in medicine to produce various images of organs and tissues?

 

1. a mixture

 

1. a tracer

 

1. an emulsion

 

1. a colloid

 

1. a sensor

 

 

Tracers, such as iodine 131, can be used in medicine to produce various images of organs and tissues.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember

 

Learning Outcome: 02.01.03 Define an isotope and summarize its application in both medicine and biology.

 

Section: 02.01

 

Topic: Atomic Structure

 

13. Radiation can have both positive and negative impact on humans.

 

TRUE

 

 

Radiation can be used beneficially but can also harm.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand

 

Learning Outcome: 02.01.03 Define an isotope and summarize its application in both medicine and biology.

 

Section: 02.01

 

Topic: Atomic Structure

 

 

14. Two or more atoms joined together through the sharing of electrons are called a(n)

 

1. atomic unit.

 

1. molecule.

 

 

 

 

 

Two or more atoms of the same type that combine are defined as a molecule.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember

 

Learning Outcome: 02.01.04 Distinguish between ionic and covalent bonds.

 

Section: 02.01

 

Topic: Chemical Bonds

15. Ca₃(PO₄)₂ represents a(n)

 

 

 

1. compound.

 

 

 

Ca₃(PO₄)₂ represents a compound because it is a combination of different atoms.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand

 

Learning Outcome: 02.01.04 Distinguish between ionic and covalent bonds.

 

Section: 02.01

 

Topic: Chemical Bonds

 

16. Atoms that share electrons have what type of bonds?

 

 

1. covalent

 

1. neutral

 

1. hydrogen

 

1. colloidal

 

1. ionic

 

 

Atoms that share electrons have covalent bonds.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember

 

Learning Outcome: 02.01.04 Distinguish between ionic and covalent bonds.

 

Section: 02.01

Topic: Chemical Bonds

 

17. CaCl₂ is a salt that forms as the result of what type of bond?

 

 

1. covalent

 

1. hydrogen

 

1. polar

 

1. nonpolar

 

1. ionic

 

CaCl₂ is a salt that forms as the result of an ionic bond.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand

 

Learning Outcome: 02.01.04 Distinguish between ionic and covalent bonds.

 

Section: 02.01

 

Topic: Chemical Bonds

 

18. Water makes up 60–70% of total body weight.

 

TRUE

 

 

Water is the most abundant molecule in living organisms.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember

 

Learning Outcome: 02.02.01 Describe the properties of water.

 

Section: 02.02

 

Topic: Properties of Water

 

19. Which type of bond is responsible for holding two water molecules together, creating the properties of water?

 

1. hydrogen

 

1. covalent

 

1. ionic

 

1. polar

 

1. double covalent

 

Hydrogen bonds are the attraction of the hydrogen of one water molecule to the oxygen of a second water molecule. Due to this type of bond, the properties of water are established.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand

 

Learning Outcome: 02.02.02 Explain the role of hydrogen bonds in the properties of water.

 

Section: 02.02

 

Topic: Chemical Bonds

20. Hydrogen bonds

 

 

1. result from the loss of neutrons by an atom.

 

1. result in the formation of salts.

 

1. involve the loss and gain of electrons.

 

1. involve the sharing of electrons.

 

1. are relatively weak and can be broken rather easily.

 

 

Hydrogen bonds are relatively weak and can be broken rather easily.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand

 

Learning Outcome: 02.02.01 Describe the properties of water.

 

Section: 02.02

 

Topic: Chemical Bonds

21. The reason water is polar is because

 

 

1. in polar molecules atoms share electrons evenly.
2. the electrons spend more time circling the oxygen atom than the hydrogens.
3. hydrophilic molecules interact with water.

 

1. hydrophobic molecules do not interact with water.

 

1. there is a transfer of electrons from the hydrogen to the oxygen.

 

 

Because the oxygen atom is more electronegative than the hydrogen, the electron spends more time circling the oxygen, and therefore, water is polar.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand

 

Learning Outcome: 02.02.01 Describe the properties of water.

 

Section: 02.02

 

Topic: Properties of Water

 

22. Which of the following characteristics of water is most responsible for the sinking of the Titanic?

 

 

1. Water is liquid at room temperature.

 

1. Water has a high heat of vaporization.

 

1. The temperature of liquid water rises and falls slowly.

 

1. Frozen water is less dense than liquid water. E. Water molecules are cohesive.

 

 

Since frozen water is less dense than liquid water, ice, including icebergs, will float in liquid water.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand

 

Learning Outcome: 02.02.01 Describe the properties of water.

 

Section: 02.02

 

Topic: Properties of Water

 

23. On a warm day in April, Tina jumped into the swimming pool. To her surprise the water was really cold. Which property of water did she discover?

 

 

1. Water molecules are cohesive.

 

1. The temperature of liquid water rises and falls slowly.

 

1. Water possesses hydrogen bonds.

 

1. Water is a polar molecule.

 

1. Frozen water is less dense than liquid water.

 

 

Water is a good temperature buffer because a great deal of energy is required to raise the temperature of water.

 

Blooms Level: 4. Analyze

 

Learning Outcome: 02.02.01 Describe the properties of water.

 

Section: 02.02

 

Topic: Properties of Water

 

24. William noticed water mysteriously climbing up a capillary tube. This is an example of which property of water?

 

1. Frozen water is less dense than liquid water.

 

1. The temperature of liquid water rises and falls slowly.

 

1. Water molecules are cohesive.

 

1. Water has a high heat of vaporization.

 

1. Water is a solvent.

 

 

Water climbing up a capillary tube is an example of the cohesive nature of water.

 

Blooms Level: 3. Apply

 

Learning Outcome: 02.02.01 Describe the properties of water.

 

Section: 02.02

Topic: Properties of Water

 

 

25. In an acidic solution, the number of H⁺ is

 

1. less than the number of OH^–.
2. greater than the number of OH^–.
3. equal to the number of OH^–.
4. 3 times less than the number of OH^–.
5. 10 times less than the number of OH^–.

 

In an acidic solution, the number of H⁺ is greater than the number of OH^–.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand Learning Outcome: 02.02.03 Summarize the structure of the pH scale and the importance of buffers to biological systems.

 

Section: 02.02 Topic: Acids and Bases

 

26. A solution with a pH of 7 has 10 times as many H⁺ as a pH of 6.

 

FALSE

 

A solution with a pH of 7 actually has 10 times fewer H⁺ than a pH of 6.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand Learning Outcome: 02.02.03 Summarize the structure of the pH scale and the importance of buffers to biological systems.

Section: 02.02 Topic: Acids and Bases

 

27. A solution containing 0.00001 moles of H⁺ has a pH of

 

3. 3.
4. 5.
5. 7.
6. 9.
7. 11.

 

This (0.00001 moles) is the same as 1 x 10^-5 moles, so the pH would be 5.

 

Blooms Level: 4. Analyze Learning Outcome: 02.02.03 Summarize the structure of the pH scale and the importance of buffers to biological systems.

 

Section: 02.02 Topic: Acids and Bases

 

28. The presence of a buffer in our blood helps maintain homeostasis.

 

TRUE

 

 

A buffer maintains the pH within a normal range which is required for homeostasis.

 

Blooms Level: 3. Apply Learning Outcome: 02.02.03 Summarize the structure of the pH scale and the importance of buffers to biological systems.

 

Section: 02.02

 

Topic: Acids and Bases

 

 

29. Joining small molecules (monomers) together to form longer chains (polymers) requires a process called

 

1. a hydrolysis reaction.

 

1. a dehydration reaction.

 

 

 

 

 

Polymerization of monomers into polymers requires a process called a dehydration reaction.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember Learning Outcome: 02.03.02 Describe the processes by which the organic molecules are assembled and disassembled.

Section: 02.03 Topic: Chemical Reactions

 

30. Which of the following is not one of the four classes of organic molecules found in cells?

 

 

1. vitamins

 

1. lipids

 

1. proteins

 

1. carbohydrates

 

1. nucleic acids

 

 

Vitamins are not one of the four categories of organic molecules unique to cells.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand

 

Learning Outcome: 02.03.01 List the four classes of organic molecules that are found in cells.

 

Section: 02.03

 

Topic: Chemical Reactions

 

31. In biology, calling something organic means that it was grown without the use of any type of herbicide.

 

FALSE

 

 

False. In biology, organic refers to molecules that have carbon and hydrogen in them. This is usually associated with living organisms.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember

 

Learning Outcome: 02.03.01 List the four classes of organic molecules that are found in cells.

 

Section: 02.03

 

Topic: Chemical Reactions

 

32. NaCl is not an organic molecule.

 

TRUE

 

 

Organic molecules contain carbon and hydrogen and NaCl does not.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand

 

Learning Outcome: 02.03.01 List the four classes of organic molecules that are found in cells.

 

Section: 02.03

 

Topic: Chemical Reactions

 

33. After lunch, our digestive system will use the process of hydrolysis to break the food down into smaller subunits.

 

TRUE

 

 

True. Hydrolysis is the process of breaking down food into smaller subunits.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember Learning Outcome: 02.03.02 Describe the processes by which the organic molecules are assembled and disassembled.

 

Section: 02.03 Topic: Chemical Reactions

34. A hydrolysis reaction involves the loss of water.

 

FALSE

 

 

A hydrolysis reaction involves the addition of water.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand Learning Outcome: 02.03.02 Describe the processes by which the organic molecules are assembled and disassembled.

 

Section: 02.03 Topic: Chemical Reactions

 

35. Which grouping of elements is found in carbohydrates?

 

 

1. C – H – O

 

1. C – H – P

 

1. H – O – Cl

 

1. N – S – O

 

1. Ca – H – O

 

 

Carbon (C), hydrogen (H), and oxygen (O) are the primary elements that make up the basic structure of carbohydrates.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember

 

Learning Outcome: 02.04.01 Summarize the basic chemical properties of a carbohydrate.

Section: 02.04

 

Topic: Carbohydrates

 

36. Sugars with three to seven carbon atoms are called

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Sugars with only three to seven carbon atoms are called simple sugars or monosaccharides.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember

 

Learning Outcome: 02.04.01 Summarize the basic chemical properties of a carbohydrate.

 

Section: 02.04

 

Topic: Carbohydrates

37. A potato stores a reserve of energy in its underground tuber in the form of

 

 

 

 

 

 

1. starch.

 

 

Starch is a common energy storage molecule for potatoes and plants in general.

 

Blooms Level: 5. Evaluate

 

Learning Outcome: 02.04.03 Compare the structures of simple and complex carbohydrates.

 

Section: 02.04

 

Topic: Carbohydrates

 

38. Which of the following is not a monosaccharide?

 

 

1. glucose

 

1. fructose

 

1. galactose

 

1. maltose

 

1. None of these are monosaccharides.

 

 

All of these are single sugars except maltose, which is a disaccharide composed of two glucose molecules.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember

 

Learning Outcome: 02.04.03 Compare the structures of simple and complex carbohydrates.

 

Section: 02.04

 

Topic: Carbohydrates

39. Which polysacccharide is stored as an energy source in the body of animals?

 

 

1. glycogen

 

1. glucose

 

1. cellulose

 

1. starch

 

1. chitin

 

 

Glycogen is a polysaccharide that is stored in the muscle tissue and blood of animals. Glucose is a monosaccharide that can be found in both plant and animals. Cellulose and starch are both polysaccharides that are found in members of kingdom Plantae. Chitin is a polysaccharide found in fungi and the exoskeleton of insects and crustaceans. It is not stored as an energy source.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand

 

Learning Outcome: 02.04.03 Compare the structures of simple and complex carbohydrates.

 

Section: 02.04

 

Topic: Carbohydrates

 

40. What passes through the digestive tract as fiber or roughage?

 

 

1. maltose

 

1. glucose

 

1. glycogen

 

1. starch

 

1. cellulose

 

 

Cellulose passes through the digestive tract as fiber or roughage because we are unable to break it down.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember

 

Learning Outcome: 02.04.04 Explain the importance of fiber in the diet.

 

Section: 02.04

 

Topic: Carbohydrates

 

41. Which of the following foods would be a good source of fiber?

 

 

1. peaches

 

1. whole-wheat bread

 

1. peanuts

 

1. bran cereal

 

1. All of these are good sources of fiber.

 

 

All of these are a good source of fiber. Fruits are a type of soluble fiber. Bran, nuts, seeds, and whole-wheat foods are forms of insoluble fiber.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand

Learning Outcome: 02.04.04 Explain the importance of fiber in the diet.

 

Section: 02.04

 

Topic: Carbohydrates

42. Which polysaccharide is branched the most?

 

 

1. cellulose

 

1. starch

 

1. glycogen

 

1. glucose

 

1. fructose

 

 

Glycogen has more side chains than the others. Glucose and fructose are monosaccharides and do not have side branches.

 

Blooms Level: 4. Analyze

 

Learning Outcome: 02.04.03 Compare the structures of simple and complex carbohydrates.

 

Section: 02.04

 

Topic: Carbohydrates

 

43. Which polysaccharide is consumed as a source of fiber?

 

 

1. cellulose

 

1. glycogen

 

1. glucose

 

1. chitin

 

1. starch

 

 

Cellulose is the main polysaccharide that functions as a source of fiber in our diets. Glycogen is a polysaccharide, but it acts as a backup source of energy for our body. Glucose is a monosaccharide that acts as a quick source of energy for our body. Chitin is a polysaccharide, but it is not a source of fiber for our body. Starch is a polysaccharide, but it is digested into glucose and used as a source of energy.

 

Blooms Level: 3. Apply

 

Learning Outcome: 02.04.04 Explain the importance of fiber in the diet.

Section: 02.04

 

Topic: Carbohydrates

44. The main function of carbohydrates is for long-term energy storage.

 

FALSE

 

 

The main function of carbohydrates is for quick and short-term energy storage.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand

 

Learning Outcome: 02.04.02 State the roles of carbohydrates in human physiology.

 

Section: 02.04

 

Topic: Carbohydrates

 

45. Our body is capable of converting starch into glycogen.

 

TRUE

 

 

We eat starchy foods, and the glucose enters the bloodstream. The liver then can store this glucose as glycogen.

 

Blooms Level: 3. Apply

 

Learning Outcome: 02.04.02 State the roles of carbohydrates in human physiology.

 

Section: 02.04

 

Topic: Carbohydrates

 

46. Starch, cellulose, and glycogen are alike in that they

 

 

1. are all made of glucose.

 

1. contain the same number of side chains.

 

1. have the same types of bonds between the monomer units.

 

1. are all found in animals.

 

1. can all be digested by our bodies.

 

 

Starch, glycogen, and cellulose are all made of glucose molecules.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand

 

Learning Outcome: 02.04.03 Compare the structures of simple and complex carbohydrates.

 

Section: 02.04

Topic: Carbohydrates

 

47. A fat contains how many fatty acids?

 

 

1. 1

 

1. 2

 

1. 3

 

1. 4

 

1. 5

 

 

A fat, or triglyceride, contains three fatty acids.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand

 

Learning Outcome: 02.05.01 Compare the structures of fats, phospholipids, and steroids.

 

Section: 02.05

 

Topic: Lipids

 

48. How are fats, phospholipids, and steroids alike?

 

 

1. They are all solid at room temperature.

 

1. They each contain a polar phosphate group.

 

1. They each contain only one fatty acid.

 

1. They do not dissolve in water.

 

1. They all contain at least one carbon ring.

 

 

All lipids are insoluble in water.

 

Blooms Level: 4. Analyze

 

Learning Outcome: 02.05.01 Compare the structures of fats, phospholipids, and steroids.

 

Section: 02.05

 

Topic: Lipids

 

49. A fatty acid that contains only single bonds between the carbon atoms is considered

 

 

 

 

1. trans unsaturated.

 

1. a cholestrol.

 

1. a steroid.

 

 

If all the carbon atoms are connected by single bonds, the fatty acid is considered saturated.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand

 

Learning Outcome: 02.05.01 Compare the structures of fats, phospholipids, and steroids.

 

Section: 02.05

 

Topic: Lipids

 

50. Fats are usually of animal origin, while oils are usually of plant origin.

 

TRUE

 

 

Fats, such as lard and butter, are of animal origin, while oils, such as corn oil and soybean oil, are of plant origin.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember

 

Learning Outcome: 02.05.01 Compare the structures of fats, phospholipids, and steroids.

 

Section: 02.05

 

Topic: Lipids

 

51. The sex hormones belong to which category of lipids?

 

 

1. steroids

 

1. fats

 

1. oils

 

1. triglycerides

 

1. phospholipids

 

 

The sex hormones are steroids.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand

 

Learning Outcome: 02.05.02 State the function of each class of lipids.

 

Section: 02.05

 

Topic: Lipids

 

52. The membranes of cells are composed primarily of

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Membranes are bilayers of phospholipids.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand

 

Learning Outcome: 02.05.02 State the function of each class of lipids.

 

Section: 02.05

 

Topic: Lipids

 

 

53. Fats and oils function better than other biological molecules as energy-storage molecules because of the carbon they contain.

 

 

FALSE

 

 

Fats and oils function well as energy-storage molecules because they contain more energy per gram than other biological molecules. All organic molecules contain carbon.

 

Blooms Level: 3. Apply

 

Learning Outcome: 02.05.02 State the function of each class of lipids.

 

Section: 02.05

 

Topic: Lipids

 

54. The monomer unit of a protein is

 

1. fatty acids.

 

1. amino acids.

 

 

 

1. nucleic acids.

 

 

Proteins are composed of amino acids.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember

 

Learning Outcome: 02.06.02 Explain how amino acids are combined to form proteins.

 

Section: 02.06

 

Topic: Proteins

 

55. What makes each amino acid unique?

 

 

1. the central carbon

 

1. the R group

 

1. the amino group

 

1. the carboxyl group

 

1. the carbon ring

 

 

The R group for each amino acid is unique.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand

 

Learning Outcome: 02.06.01 Describe the structure of an amino acid.

 

Section: 02.06

 

Topic: Proteins

 

56. Which of the following is not a function of proteins?

 

 

1. quick energy

 

1. support

 

1. transport

 

1. enzymes

 

1. motion

 

 

Carbohydrates, not proteins, serve as a source of quick energy.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand

 

Learning Outcome: 02.06.01 Describe the structure of an amino acid.

 

Section: 02.06

 

Topic: Proteins

57. Why does a protein not function after it has been denatured?

 

1. The normal bonding between the R groups has been disturbed and the protein loses its normal shape.

 

1. The normal bonding between the beta sheets has been disturbed and the protein loses its normal shape.

 

1. The normal bonding between the hydrogens in the alpha helix has been disturbed and the protein loses its normal shape.

 

1. The R groups form additional bonds causing the structure to become more compact.

 

1. The normal peptide bonds are ruptured and the individual amino acids are not held together any more.

 

1. During denaturation, the normal bonding between the R groups has been disturbed and the protein loses its normal shape. This is due to changes in temperature and/or pH.

 

Blooms Level: 5. Evaluate

 

Learning Outcome: 02.06.03 Summarize the four levels of protein structure.

 

Section: 02.06

 

Topic: Proteins

 

58. An alpha helix or a beta sheet are examples of what level of protein structure?

 

 

1. secondary

 

1. primary

 

1. tertiary

 

1. quaternary

 

1. octagon

 

 

The secondary structure of a protein can be an alpha helix or a beta sheet.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand

 

Learning Outcome: 02.06.03 Summarize the four levels of protein structure.

 

Section: 02.06

 

Topic: Proteins

 

59. Which level of protein structure is characterized by alpha and beta sheets in which hydrogen bonding holds the shape in place?

 

 

1. secondary structure

 

1. primary structure

 

1. tertiary structure

 

1. quaternary structure

 

1. pentagonal structure

 

 

The secondary structure is characterized by alpha and beta sheets in which hydrogen bonding holds the shape in place. The primary structure is characterized by a straight chain sequence of amino acids. The tertiary structure is characterized by the combination secondary structures in a three-dimensional shape. Shape is maintained by the bonding between the R groups. Quaternary structures are composed of multiple polypeptides that are bonded to each other. There is no such protein level as a pentagonal structure.

 

Blooms Level: 4. Analyze

 

Learning Outcome: 02.06.03 Summarize the four levels of protein structure.

 

Section: 02.06

 

Topic: Proteins

 

60. When two amino acids combine via a dehydration reaction,

 

 

1. a peptide bond is formed.

 

1. the R groups are lost.

 

1. water is added to begin the reaction.

 

1. the carboxyl group of each join together.

 

1. the amino group of each join together.

 

 

When two amino acids form a dipeptide, a peptide bond is formed between the carboxyl group of one and the amino group of the other.

 

Blooms Level: 3. Apply

 

Learning Outcome: 02.06.02 Explain how amino acids are combined to form proteins.

 

Section: 02.06

 

Topic: Proteins

 

61. The primary level of protein structure is composed of amino acids in a linear sequence joined by peptide bonds.

 

TRUE

 

 

True. The primary level of protein structure is composed of amino acids in a linear sequence joined by peptide bonds.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember

 

Learning Outcome: 02.06.03 Summarize the four levels of protein structure.

 

Section: 02.06

 

Topic: Proteins

 

62. All amino acids are alike in that their R groups are polar.

 

FALSE

 

 

The R groups of an amino acid can be polar or nonpolar.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand

 

Learning Outcome: 02.06.01 Describe the structure of an amino acid.

 

Section: 02.06

 

Topic: Proteins

 

63. The sides of the DNA ladder (backbone) are

 

 

1. alternating carbons and nitrogens.

 

1. the R

 

1. the nitrogenous bases.

 

1. alternating nitrogens and phosphates.

 

1. sugars and phosphates.

 

 

Sugars and phosphates make up the sides of the DNA ladder.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember

 

Learning Outcome: 02.07.01 Explain the differences between RNA and DNA.

 

Section: 02.07

 

Topic: Nucleic Acids

64. When an ATP molecule is used to supply energy, which of the following occurs?

 

1. a phosphate bond is added

 

1. a phosphate bond is broken

 

1. oxygen is removed

 

1. oxygen is added

 

1. an adenine is added

 

 

A phosphate bond is broken when ATP is converted to ADP + phosphate + energy.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand

 

Learning Outcome: 02.07.02 Summarize the role of ATP in cellular reactions.

 

Section: 02.07

 

Topic: Nucleic Acids

 

65. Which of the following nitrogenous bases is not found in DNA?

 

 

1. cytosine

 

1. thymine

 

1. uracil

 

1. guanine

 

1. adenine

 

 

Uracil is found in RNA, not DNA.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember

 

Learning Outcome: 02.07.01 Explain the differences between RNA and DNA.

 

Section: 02.07

 

Topic: Nucleic Acids

66. Which of the following is not present in a nucleotide?

 

 

1. phosphate

 

1. nitrogenous base

 

1. five-ring sugar

 

1. an R group

 

1. a pentose

 

 

R groups are found in amino acids, not nucleotides.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand

 

Learning Outcome: 02.07.01 Explain the differences between RNA and DNA.

 

Section: 02.07

 

Topic: Nucleic Acids

 

67. A species has 29% of its DNA composed of the nucleotide containing guanine (G). What percent does the nitrogen base thymine (T) equal?

 

 

1. 58%

 

1. 42%

 

1. 21%

 

1. 67%

 

1. 29%

 

 

In DNA, G pairs with C, and A pairs with T. If G is 29%, then C would be 29%. The combination of G (guanine) and C (cytosine) would equal 58%. This would leave 42% for the combination of A (adenine) and T (thymine). Since A and T are equal, then both A and T would comprise 21%.

 

Blooms Level: 4. Analyze

 

Learning Outcome: 02.07.01 Explain the differences between RNA and DNA.

 

Section: 02.07

 

Topic: Nucleic Acids

68. ATP carries energy in the form of high-energy

 

 

1. carbohydrate bonds.

 

1. peptide bonds.

 

1. lipid bonds.

 

1. phosphate bonds.

 

1. hydrogen bonds.

 

 

ATP carries energy in the form of high-energy phosphate bonds.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember

 

Learning Outcome: 02.07.02 Summarize the role of ATP in cellular reactions.

 

Section: 02.07

 

Topic: Nucleic Acids

 

69. The function of RNA in the body is to store the genetic information in the nucleus.

 

FALSE

 

 

The function of DNA is to store genetic information in the nucleus.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember

 

Learning Outcome: 02.07.01 Explain the differences between RNA and DNA.

 

Section: 02.07

 

Topic: Nucleic Acids

 

70. ATP is called the energy currency of the body because it is a type of electricity.

 

FALSE

 

 

ATP is called the energy currency of the body because it can be spent (like money or currency) to facilitate reactions.

 

Blooms Level: 4. Analyze

 

Learning Outcome: 02.07.02 Summarize the role of ATP in cellular reactions.

 

Section: 02.07

 

Topic: Nucleic Acids

71. List the functions of proteins.

Functions of proteins include:

1. support

 

2. enzymes that bring reactants together in chemical reactions

 

3. transport of substance through the cell membrane and within the cell

 

4. defense of the body from foreign substances

 

5. hormones that serve as intercellular messengers

 

6. motion of the body

 

Blooms Level: 6. Create

 

Learning Outcome: 02.06.02 Explain how amino acids are combined to form proteins.

 

Section: 02.06

 

Topic: Proteins

 

72. List the properties of water.

 

1. Water has a high heat capacity.

 

2. Water has a high heat of evaporation.

 

3. Water is a solvent.

 

4. Water molecules are cohesive and adhesive.

 

5. Frozen water is less dense than liquid water.

 

Blooms Level: 6. Create

 

Learning Outcome: 02.02.01 Describe the properties of water.

 

Section: 02.02

 

Topic: Properties of Water

 

73. Describe the structure and function of the DNA molecule.

 

DNA is composed of a phosphate group, nitrogen-containing base, and a five-carbon (pentose) sugar. The nitrogen-containing base can have one of four bases associated with it (adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine). Functions of DNA include: stores information about how to copy or replicate itself and specifies the order in which amino acids are joined to make a protein.

 

Blooms Level: 6. Create

 

Learning Outcome: 02.07.01 Explain the differences between RNA and DNA.

 

Section: 02.07

 

Topic: Nucleic Acids

 

Chapter 02: Testbank Summary

 

Category	# of Questions
Blooms Level: 1. Remember	24
Blooms Level: 2. Understand	28
Blooms Level: 3. Apply	7
Blooms Level: 4. Analyze	8
Blooms Level: 5. Evaluate	3
Blooms Level: 6. Create	3
Learning Outcome: 02.01.01 Distinguish between atoms and elements.	4
Learning Outcome: 02.01.02 Describe the structure of an atom.	5
Learning Outcome: 02.01.03 Define an isotope and summarize its application in both medicine and biology.	4
Learning Outcome: 02.01.04 Distinguish between ionic and covalent bonds.	4
Learning Outcome: 02.02.01 Describe the properties of water.	7
Learning Outcome: 02.02.02 Explain the role of hydrogen bonds in the properties of water.	1
Learning Outcome: 02.02.03 Summarize the structure of the pH scale and the importance of buffers to biological syst	4
ems.
Learning Outcome: 02.03.01 List the four classes of organic molecules that are found in cells.	3
Learning Outcome: 02.03.02 Describe the processes by which the organic molecules are assembled and disassembl	3
ed.
Learning Outcome: 02.04.01 Summarize the basic chemical properties of a carbohydrate.	2
Learning Outcome: 02.04.02 State the roles of carbohydrates in human physiology.	2
Learning Outcome: 02.04.03 Compare the structures of simple and complex carbohydrates.	5
Learning Outcome: 02.04.04 Explain the importance of fiber in the diet.	3
Learning Outcome: 02.05.01 Compare the structures of fats, phospholipids, and steroids.	4
Learning Outcome: 02.05.02 State the function of each class of lipids.	3
Learning Outcome: 02.06.01 Describe the structure of an amino acid.	3
Learning Outcome: 02.06.02 Explain how amino acids are combined to form proteins.	3
Learning Outcome: 02.06.03 Summarize the four levels of protein structure.	4
Learning Outcome: 02.07.01 Explain the differences between RNA and DNA.	6
Learning Outcome: 02.07.02 Summarize the role of ATP in cellular reactions.	3
Section: 02.01	17
Section: 02.02	12
Section: 02.03	6
Section: 02.04	12
Section: 02.05	7
Section: 02.06	10
Section: 02.07	9
Topic: Acids and Bases	4
Topic: Atomic Structure	13
Topic: Carbohydrates	12
Topic: Chemical Bonds	6
Topic: Chemical Reactions	6
Topic: Lipids	7
Topic: Nucleic Acids	9
Topic: Properties of Water	6
Topic: Proteins	10

Chapter 04: Test Bank

 

Student: ___________________________________________________________________________

 

1. Specialized cells that work together to perform a common function are called

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2. Which of the following is not considered a basic tissue type?

 

 

1. epithelial

 

1. connective

 

1. muscle

 

1. nervous

 

1. fat

 

3. Which type of tissue covers body surfaces and lines body cavities?

 

 

1. epithelial tissue

 

1. connective tissue

 

1. muscular tissue

 

1. nervous tissue

 

1. vascular tissue

 

4. Which type of epithelial tissue lines the air sacs and permits the exchange of gases?

 

 

1. squamous epithelium

 

1. columnar epithelium

 

1. pseudostratified columnar epithelium

 

1. cuboidal epithelium

 

1. stratified cuboidal epithelium

 

5. Jacob looked up and saw a car. This information was relayed to him via what type of tissue?

 

 

1. epithelial

 

1. connective

 

1. muscular

 

1. nervous

 

1. vascular

 

6. Describe how you can tell the difference between simple squamous epithelium and simple cuboidal epithelium.

 

 

 

7. Which of the following cells have the greatest probability of developing into cancer?

 

 

1. brain cells

 

1. neurons

 

1. epithelial cells

 

1. muscle cells

 

1. liver cells

 

8. List the functions of and the organs associated with the urinary system.

 

 

 

9. Bone cancer and other cancers of connective tissue are called

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

10. List and describe the three types of cartilage.

 

 

 

11. The three major components of connective tissue are

 

 

1. cells, ground substance, and carbohydrate fibers.

 

1. cells, fat, and protein fibers.

 

1. cells, ground substance, and protein fibers.

 

1. cells, ground substance, and enzymes.

 

1. ground substance, enzymes, and protein fibers.

 

12. What protein provides flexibility and strength to connective tissues?

 

 

1. actin

 

1. collagen

 

1. keratin

 

1. fibrinogen

 

1. myosin

 

13. It is thought that President Abraham Lincoln suffered from a genetic disorder known as Marfan syndrome. Which types of fibers are affected in this disorder?

 

 

1. elastic fibers

 

1. reticular fibers

 

1. collagen fibers

 

1. hyaline fibers

 

1. ground fibers

 

14. What are the two forms of fibrous connective tissue?

 

 

1. bone and blood

 

1. fibroblasts and matrix

 

1. hyaline cartilage and elastic cartilage

 

1. adipose and cartilage

 

1. loose fibrous and dense fibrous

 

15. Alison was looking at a tissue under a microscope. It had cells within lacunae, and the matrix was glassy-looking. What type of tissue was she looking at?

 

 

1. blood

 

1. bone

 

1. cartilage

 

1. adipose

 

1. areolar

 

16. Todd’s father slipped a disk in his back. Dr. Foster explained to the family that the intervertebral disks are composed of

 

 

1. elastic cartilage.

 

1. hyaline cartilage.

 

1. composite cartilage.

 

 

 

17. What characteristic can be used to differentiate between bone and cartilage?

 

 

1. whether the matrix is solid or liquid

 

1. the presence or absence of cells

 

1. the flexibility of the matrix

 

1. the presence of fibers in the matrix

 

1. whether the tissue is fibrous or specialized connective

 

18. The cells in bone tissue are found scattered throughout the matrix and are not connected to each other.

 

True False

 

19. What types of cells carry oxygen in the blood?

 

 

1. platelets

 

1. serum

 

1. plasma

 

1. white blood cells

 

1. red blood cells

 

20. There is no matrix in blood because it is a liquid.

 

True False

 

21. Which types of blood cells are responsible for transporting oxygen?

 

 

1. red blood cells

 

1. platelets

 

1. leukocytes

 

1. plasma

 

1. thrombocytes

 

22. The best description of the two components of blood is

 

 

1. red blood cells and plasma.

 

1. platelets and plasma.

 

1. white blood cells and red blood cells.

 

1. formed elements and plasma.

 

1. formed elements and platelets.

 

23. Lymph contains no cells.

 

True False

 

24. Which component of blood would increase as a result of an infection?

 

 

1. platelets

 

1. erythrocytes

 

1. leukocytes

 

1. plasma

 

1. serum

 

25. Lymphatic vessels serve to absorb fat molecules from the body’s

 

 

 

1. small intestine.

 

1. large intestine.

 

 

 

26. While observing cardiac muscle under a microscope for the first time, Jennifer noticed lines running perpendicular to the direction of the muscle. These lines are called

 

 

1. perpendicular plates.

 

1. Volkmann canals.

 

1. Broca’s area.

 

1. Haversian canals.

 

1. intercalated disks.

 

27. The stripes in skeletal muscle are due to the presence of

 

 

1. multiple nuclei per cell.

 

1. actin and myosin filaments.

 

1. intercalated disks.

 

1. the branching of cells.

 

1. tendons connecting the muscle to bone.

 

28. In turning a page of a book, you would mainly be using what type of tissue?

 

 

1. cardiac muscle

 

1. smooth muscle

 

1. skeletal muscle

 

1. adipose tissue

 

1. epithelial tissue

 

29. Smooth muscle in the bladder contracts to send urine into the urethra.

 

True False

 

30. The specialized cells in the nervous system that serve to conduct a signal are known as

 

 

 

 

 

 

1. Schwann cells.

 

31. What type of tissue receives sensory input, integrates data, and conducts impulses?

 

 

1. epithelial tissue

 

1. connective tissue

 

1. muscular tissue

 

1. nervous tissue

 

1. vascular tissue

 

32. When you put your hand on a hot stove, ________ receive signals from sensory receptors or other neurons and ________ conduct nerve impulses.

 

 

1. astrocytes, oligodendrocytes

 

1. axons, dendrites

 

1. astrocytes, dendrites

 

1. dendrites, axons

 

1. dendrites, astrocytes

 

33. Which component of a neuron receives the signal from a sensory receptor?

 

 

1. dendrite

 

1. axon

 

1. cell body

 

1. nucleus

 

1. myelin sheath

 

34. Which type of neuroglia is found outside of the brain?

 

 

1. astrocytes

 

1. microglia

 

1. oligodendrocytes

 

1. Schwann cells

 

1. axons

 

35. Schwann cells are a type of neuroglia located outside of the brain.

 

True False

 

36. Which two types of cells form myelin sheaths?

 

 

1. oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells

 

1. microglia and astrocytes

 

1. astrocytes and oligodendrocytes

 

1. microglia and oligodendrocytes

 

1. Schwann cells and microglia

 

37. In epithelial tissues, what serves to anchor the epithelial tissue to underlying connective tissue?

 

1. ependymal cells

 

1. plasma membrane

 

1. synovial membrane

 

1. basement membrane

 

1. transitional membrane

 

38. What type of epithelial tissue is found in the urinary bladder and allows it to stretch?

 

 

1. pseudostratified epithelium

 

1. glandular epithelium

 

1. transitional epithelium

 

1. stratified epithelium

 

1. columnar epithelium

 

39. Gynecologists perform regular Pap smears for women. This procedure is important for early diagnosis and prevention of what type of cancer?

 

 

1. breast cancer

 

1. colon cancer

 

1. cervical cancer

 

1. pancreatic cancer

 

1. liver cancer

 

40. One of the dangers of smoking is that it disrupts the defensive system that utilizes ciliary action of what type of specialized epithelium?

 

 

1. pseudostratified epithelium

 

1. glandular epithelium

 

1. cuboidal epithelium

 

1. stratified epithelium

 

1. columnar epithelium

 

41. ________ glands are considered ductless glands, while ________ glands contain ducts.

 

 

1. Exocrine, endocrine

 

1. Transitional, exocrine

 

1. Transitional, endocrine

 

1. Endocrine, exocrine

 

1. Sudoriferous, transitional

 

42. Moving from the outside of the body, the first type of tissue encountered is epithelial tissue.

 

True False

 

43. The epithelial lining of the small intestine is modified for what function?

 

 

1. absorption

 

1. secretion

 

1. excretion

 

1. removing debris

 

1. protection

 

44. Which of the following is not a function of the integumentary system?

 

 

1. protection from pathogen invasion

 

1. inhibition of water loss

 

1. regulation of body temperature

 

1. synthesis of vitamin D

 

1. production of white blood cells

 

45. Which type of tissue makes up the epidermis?

 

 

1. stratified squamous epithelium

 

1. dense fibrous connective tissue

 

1. adipose tissue

 

1. elastic fibers

 

1. loose connective tissue

 

46. Stretch marks are the result of tears in the integumentary layer that contains fibrous connective tissue, elastin, and collagen. What is this region of the integumentary system called?

 

 

1. subcutaneous layer

 

1. Langerhans layer

 

1. epidermis

 

1. hypodermis

 

1. dermis

 

47. Which structures produce goosebumps?

 

 

1. arrector pili muscles

 

1. hair follicles

 

1. sebaceous glands

 

1. sudoriferous glands

 

1. cuticles

 

48. Which of the following is mismatched to its location in the skin?

 

 

1. fat— subcutaneous layer

 

1. sense organs— dermis

 

1. keratinization— epidermis

 

1. nerves/blood vessels— epidermis

 

1. hair follicles— dermis

 

49. Which of the following is responsible for the waterproofing of skin?

 

 

1. mucus

 

1. keratin

 

1. hyaline cartilage

 

1. sweat

 

1. wax

 

50. Which layer of the skin is responsible for tanning?

 

 

1. epidermis

 

1. dermis

 

1. subcutaneous layer

 

1. keratin

 

1. hypodermis

 

51. Which type of gland can become blocked and form a “blackhead”?

 

 

1. sudoriferous

 

1. sweat

 

1. endocrine

 

1. sebaceous

 

1. compound

 

52. Skin accounts for nearly 15% of the weight of an average human.

 

True False

 

53. Carla is having problems with infections. Which body system is failing?

 

 

1. immune system

 

1. integumentary system

 

1. cardiovascular system

 

1. urinary system

 

1. musculoskeletal system

 

54. Which of the following body systems is located in only one cavity of the body?

 

 

1. urinary system

 

1. skeletal system

 

1. cardiovascular system

 

1. muscular system

 

1. immune system

 

55. What cavities develop from the ventral cavity?

 

 

1. cranial and vertebral

 

1. thoracic, abdominal, and pelvic

 

1. pelvic and abdominal

 

1. cranial and thoracic

 

1. cranial, vertebral, and thoracic

 

56. Which systems help to adjust the blood’s acid-base balance?

 

 

1. cardiovascular and muscular

 

1. cardiovascular and urinary

 

1. respiratory and urinary

 

1. respiratory and skeletal

 

1. muscular and skeletal

 

57. The cardiovascular system is limited to just the heart and the blood.

 

True False

 

58. Which of the following body parts is surrounded by a mucous membrane?

 

 

1. ovaries

 

1. heart

 

1. cavities of freely movable joints

 

1. tubes of the digestive system

 

1. abdominal cavity

 

59. Which body cavity contains the small and large intestines?

 

 

1. abdominal cavity

 

1. dorsal cavity

 

1. cranial cavity

 

1. vertebral canal

 

1. pelvic cavity

 

60. The pleurae would be found in which body system?

 

 

1. respiratory system

 

1. cardiovascular system

 

1. muscular system

 

1. urinary system

 

1. skeletal system

 

61. What membrane is infected in meningitis?

 

 

1. lining of the brain and spinal cord

 

1. lining of the lungs

 

1. lining of the heart

 

1. lining of the digestive tract

 

1. lining of the reproductive tract

 

62. The body’s ability to maintain a relative constancy of its internal environment is called

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

63. Sweating is a physiological process that seeks to maintain

 

 

1. blood glucose levels.

 

1. blood volume.

 

1. urine levels.

 

1. blood pH.

 

1. body temperature.

 

64. Only the nervous and endocrine systems are involved in homeostasis.

 

True False

 

65. If body temperature were controlled by a positive feedback mechanism, the body’s temperature would continue to rise.

 

 

True   False

 

66. Which of the following is not involved in body temperature homeostasis?

 

 

1. constriction or dilation of blood vessels

 

1. secretion by sweat glands

 

1. shivering

 

1. respiration rate

 

1. the hypothalamus

 

67. With a negative feedback mechanism, the value in question will vary around a set point.

 

True False

 

Chapter 04: Test Bank Key

 

 

1. Specialized cells that work together to perform a common function are called

 

 

 

 

1. tissues.

 

 

 

 

Tissues are specialized cells that together perform a common function.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember

 

Learning Outcome: 04.01.01 Understand where tissues relate in the biological levels of organization.

 

Section: 04.01

 

Topic: Levels of Biological Organization

 

2. Which of the following is not considered a basic tissue type?

 

 

1. epithelial

 

1. connective

 

1. muscle

 

1. nervous

 

1. fat

 

 

The basic tissue types include epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous tissue.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember

 

Learning Outcome: 04.01.02 Describe the four types of tissues and provide a general function for each.

 

Section: 04.01

 

Topic: Animal Tissues

 

3. Which type of tissue covers body surfaces and lines body cavities?

 

 

1. epithelial tissue

 

1. connective tissue

 

1. muscular tissue

 

1. nervous tissue

 

1. vascular tissue

 

 

Epithelial tissue covers body surfaces and lines cavities.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember

 

Learning Outcome: 04.01.02 Describe the four types of tissues and provide a general function for each.

 

Section: 04.01

 

Topic: Animal Tissues

 

4. Which type of epithelial tissue lines the air sacs and permits the exchange of gases?

 

 

1. squamous epithelium

 

1. columnar epithelium

 

1. pseudostratified columnar epithelium

 

1. cuboidal epithelium

 

1. stratified cuboidal epithelium

 

 

Squamous epithelium lines the air sacs and permits the exchange of gases.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember Learning Outcome: 04.05.02 Distinguish between the different forms of epithelial tissue with regard to location and function.

 

Section: 04.05

Topic: Animal Tissues

 

5. Jacob looked up and saw a car. This information was relayed to him via what type of tissue?

 

 

1. epithelial

 

1. connective

 

1. muscular

 

1. nervous

 

1. vascular

 

 

Nervous tissue receives stimuli and conducts nerve impulses.

 

Blooms Level: 3. Apply

 

Learning Outcome: 04.01.02 Describe the four types of tissues and provide a general function for each.

 

Section: 04.01

 

Topic: Animal Tissues

 

6. Describe how you can tell the difference between simple squamous epithelium and simple cuboidal epithelium.

 

Simple squamous epithelium is composed of flattened cells that form a permeable barrier that allows the exchange of substances.

 

Simple cuboidal epithelium is composed of a single layer of cube-shaped cells that are often involved in the absorption of substances.

 

Blooms Level: 6. Create Learning Outcome: 04.05.02 Distinguish between the different forms of epithelial tissue with regard to location and function.

 

Section: 04.05 Topic: Animal Tissues

 

7. Which of the following cells have the greatest probability of developing into cancer?

 

 

1. brain cells

 

1. neurons

 

1. epithelial cells

 

1. muscle cells

 

1. liver cells

 

 

Cells that divide often, such as epithelial cells and blood cells, have a greater probability of developing into cancer than other cells.

 

Blooms Level: 4. Analyze

 

Learning Outcome: 04.01.02 Describe the four types of tissues and provide a general function for each.

 

Section: 04.01

 

Topic: Animal Tissues

 

8. List the functions of and the organs associated with the urinary system.

 

The urinary system functions to excrete metabolic wastes and to provide pH and fluid homeostasis. Organs associated with the urinary system include the kidneys, ureters, and urinary bladder.

 

Blooms Level: 6. Create

 

Learning Outcome: 04.07.01 Summarize the function of each organ system in the human body.

 

Section: 04.07

 

Topic: Human Urinary System

 

 

9. Bone cancer and other cancers of connective tissue are called

 

1. carcinomas.

 

1. sarcomas.

 

 

 

 

 

Bone cancer and other cancers of connective tissue are called sarcomas.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember

 

Learning Outcome: 04.01.02 Describe the four types of tissues and provide a general function for each.

 

Section: 04.01

 

Topic: Animal Tissues

 

10. List and describe the three types of cartilage.

 

Hyaline cartilage contains collagen fibers. The matrix has a glossy, translucent appearance. It is found in the nose and at the ends of long bones and ribs.

 

Elastic cartilage has more elastic fibers and is flexible. It is found in the framework of the outer ear. Fibrocartilage has a matrix containing strong collagen fibers. It is found in areas of high pressure like the knee joint and the disks between the vertebrae in the backbone.

 

Blooms Level: 6. Create

 

Learning Outcome: 04.02.02 Compare the structure and function of bone and cartilage.

 

Section: 04.02

 

Topic: Animal Tissues

 

11. The three major components of connective tissue are

 

 

1. cells, ground substance, and carbohydrate fibers.

 

1. cells, fat, and protein fibers.

 

1. cells, ground substance, and protein fibers.

 

1. cells, ground substance, and enzymes.

 

1. ground substance, enzymes, and protein fibers.

 

 

The three components of connective tissue are cells, ground substance, and protein fibers.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember

 

Learning Outcome: 04.02.01 Describe the primary types of connective tissue and provide a function for each.

 

Section: 04.02

 

Topic: Animal Tissues

 

12. What protein provides flexibility and strength to connective tissues?

 

1. actin

 

1. collagen

 

1. keratin

 

1. fibrinogen

 

1. myosin

 

 

The protein collagen provides flexibility and strength to connective tissues.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand

 

Learning Outcome: 04.02.01 Describe the primary types of connective tissue and provide a function for each.

 

Section: 04.02

 

Topic: Animal Tissues

 

13. It is thought that President Abraham Lincoln suffered from a genetic disorder known as Marfan syndrome. Which types of fibers are affected in this disorder?

 

 

1. elastic fibers

 

1. reticular fibers

 

1. collagen fibers

 

1. hyaline fibers

 

1. ground fibers

 

 

In Marfan syndrome, there are mutations in the fibrillin gene, which produces a component of elastic fibers.

 

Blooms Level: 3. Apply

Learning Outcome: 04.02.01 Describe the primary types of connective tissue and provide a function for each.

 

Section: 04.02

 

Topic: Animal Tissues

 

14. What are the two forms of fibrous connective tissue?

 

 

1. bone and blood

 

1. fibroblasts and matrix

 

1. hyaline cartilage and elastic cartilage

 

1. adipose and cartilage

 

1. loose fibrous and dense fibrous

 

 

Loose fibrous and dense fibrous tissues are the two forms of fibrous connective tissue.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember

 

Learning Outcome: 04.02.01 Describe the primary types of connective tissue and provide a function for each.

 

Section: 04.02

 

Topic: Animal Tissues

 

 

15. Alison was looking at a tissue under a microscope. It had cells within lacunae, and the matrix was glassy-looking. What type of tissue was she looking at?

 

 

1. blood

 

1. bone

 

1. cartilage

 

1. adipose

 

1. areolar

 

 

Both bone and cartilage have cells in lacunae. Hyaline cartilage has a glassy-looking matrix.

 

Blooms Level: 4. Analyze

 

Learning Outcome: 04.02.02 Compare the structure and function of bone and cartilage.

 

Section: 04.02

 

Topic: Animal Tissues

 

16. Todd’s father slipped a disk in his back. Dr. Foster explained to the family that the intervertebral disks are composed of

 

 

1. elastic cartilage.

 

1. hyaline cartilage.

 

1. composite cartilage.

 

1. fibrocartilage.

 

1. bone.

 

 

The intervertebral disks are composed of fibrocartilage.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand

 

Learning Outcome: 04.02.02 Compare the structure and function of bone and cartilage.

 

Section: 04.02

 

Topic: Animal Tissues

 

17. What characteristic can be used to differentiate between bone and cartilage?

 

 

1. whether the matrix is solid or liquid

 

1. the presence or absence of cells

 

1. the flexibility of the matrix

 

1. the presence of fibers in the matrix

 

1. whether the tissue is fibrous or specialized connective

 

 

In cartilage the matrix is flexible, while in bone the matrix is rigid.

 

Blooms Level: 3. Apply

 

Learning Outcome: 04.02.02 Compare the structure and function of bone and cartilage.

 

Section: 04.02

 

Topic: Animal Tissues

 

18. The cells in bone tissue are found scattered throughout the matrix and are not connected to each other.

 

FALSE

 

 

Although bone cells are scattered throughout the matrix they are still connected to each other and to the central canal.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand

 

Learning Outcome: 04.02.02 Compare the structure and function of bone and cartilage.

 

Section: 04.02

 

Topic: Animal Tissues

 

19. What types of cells carry oxygen in the blood?

 

 

1. platelets

 

1. serum

 

1. plasma

 

1. white blood cells

 

1. red blood cells

 

 

Red blood cells contain hemoglobin and carry oxygen in the blood.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember

 

Learning Outcome: 04.02.03 Differentiate between blood and lymph.

 

Section: 04.02

 

Topic: Animal Tissues

 

20. There is no matrix in blood because it is a liquid.

 

FALSE

 

 

Blood is a fluid connective tissue and has a liquid matrix.

 

Blooms Level: 4. Analyze

 

Learning Outcome: 04.02.01 Describe the primary types of connective tissue and provide a function for each.

 

Section: 04.02

 

Topic: Animal Tissues

 

21. Which types of blood cells are responsible for transporting oxygen?

 

 

1. red blood cells

 

1. platelets

 

1. leukocytes

 

1. plasma

 

1. thrombocytes

 

 

Red blood cells are responsible for transporting oxygen via the hemoglobin protein. Platelets are fragments of blood cells that assist in plugging a wound. Thrombocytes is another name for platelets. Leukocytes are blood cells that assist in protecting the body from infection. Plasma is the fluid medium in which the blood cells are contained.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember

 

Learning Outcome: 04.02.03 Differentiate between blood and lymph.

 

Section: 04.02

Topic: Animal Tissues

 

22. The best description of the two components of blood is

 

 

1. red blood cells and plasma.

 

1. platelets and plasma.

 

1. white blood cells and red blood cells.

 

1. formed elements and plasma.

 

1. formed elements and platelets.

 

 

Blood is composed of formed elements (red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets) and plasma.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand

 

Learning Outcome: 04.02.03 Differentiate between blood and lymph.

 

Section: 04.02

 

Topic: Animal Tissues

 

23. Lymph contains no cells.

 

FALSE

 

 

Lymph contains white blood cells.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand

 

Learning Outcome: 04.02.03 Differentiate between blood and lymph.

 

Section: 04.02

 

Topic: Human Lymphatic System

 

24. Which component of blood would increase as a result of an infection?

 

 

1. platelets

 

1. erythrocytes

 

1. leukocytes

 

1. plasma

 

1. serum

 

 

Because leukocytes are involved in protecting the body, their numbers go up in the case of an infection.

 

Blooms Level: 3. Apply

 

Learning Outcome: 04.02.03 Differentiate between blood and lymph.

 

Section: 04.02

 

Topic: Animal Tissues

 

 

25. Lymphatic vessels serve to absorb fat molecules from the body’s

 

1. bile.

 

1. small intestine.

 

1. large intestine.

 

 

 

 

Lymphatic vessels serve to absorb fat molecules from the small intestine.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember

 

Learning Outcome: 04.02.03 Differentiate between blood and lymph.

 

Section: 04.02

 

Topic: Human Lymphatic System

 

26. While observing cardiac muscle under a microscope for the first time, Jennifer noticed lines running perpendicular to the direction of the muscle. These lines are called

 

 

1. perpendicular plates.

 

1. Volkmann canals.

 

1. Broca’s area.

 

1. Haversian canals.

 

1. intercalated disks.

 

 

Intercalated disks, where cardiac muscle cells are bound end to end, are exclusive to cardiac muscle.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand Learning Outcome: 04.03.01 Distinguish among the three types of muscles with regard to location and function in the body.

Section: 04.03 Topic: Muscular System

 

 

27. The stripes in skeletal muscle are due to the presence of

 

1. multiple nuclei per cell.

 

1. actin and myosin filaments.

 

1. intercalated disks.

 

1. the branching of cells.

 

1. tendons connecting the muscle to bone.

 

 

The placement of actin and myosin filaments in skeletal muscle cells gives them a striated appearance.

 

Blooms Level: 4. Analyze Learning Outcome: 04.03.01 Distinguish among the three types of muscles with regard to location and function in the body.

 

Section: 04.03 Topic: Muscular System

 

28. In turning a page of a book, you would mainly be using what type of tissue?

 

 

1. cardiac muscle

 

1. smooth muscle

 

1. skeletal muscle

 

1. adipose tissue

 

1. epithelial tissue

 

 

In turning a page of a book, you would mainly be using skeletal muscle.

 

Blooms Level: 3. Apply Learning Outcome: 04.03.01 Distinguish among the three types of muscles with regard to location and function in the body.

 

Section: 04.03 Topic: Muscular System

 

29. Smooth muscle in the bladder contracts to send urine into the urethra.

 

TRUE

 

 

Smooth muscle lines the bladder and is responsible for the ability to urinate.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember Learning Outcome: 04.03.01 Distinguish among the three types of muscles with regard to location and function in the body.

 

Section: 04.03 Topic: Muscular System

 

 

30. The specialized cells in the nervous system that serve to conduct a signal are known as

 

1. neuroglia.

 

1. neurons.

 

 

 

1. Schwann cells.

 

 

Neurons are specialized cells that conduct a signal.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember

 

Learning Outcome: 04.04.01 Distinguish between neurons and neuroglia.

 

Section: 04.04

 

Topic: Human Nervous System

 

31. What type of tissue receives sensory input, integrates data, and conducts impulses?

 

 

1. epithelial tissue

 

1. connective tissue

 

1. muscular tissue

 

1. nervous tissue

 

1. vascular tissue

 

 

Nervous tissue receives sensory input, integrates data, and conducts impulses.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember

 

Learning Outcome: 04.01.02 Describe the four types of tissues and provide a general function for each.

 

Section: 04.01

 

Topic: Human Nervous System

 

32. When you put your hand on a hot stove, ________ receive signals from sensory receptors or other neurons and ________ conduct nerve impulses.

 

 

1. astrocytes, oligodendrocytes

 

1. axons, dendrites

 

1. astrocytes, dendrites

 

1. dendrites, axons

 

1. dendrites, astrocytes

 

 

Dendrites receive signals from sensory receptors or other neurons and axons conduct nerve impulses.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand

 

Learning Outcome: 04.04.02 Describe the structure of a neuron.

Section: 04.04

 

Topic: Human Nervous System

 

33. Which component of a neuron receives the signal from a sensory receptor?

 

 

1. dendrite

 

1. axon

 

1. cell body

 

1. nucleus

 

1. myelin sheath

 

 

The dendrite receives the signal from a sensory neuron. The cell body processes the impulse and passes it to the axon. The axon sends the impulse away from the cell body. The nucleus contains the cell’s genetic material. The myelin sheath assists in conducting the impulse away from the cell body.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand

 

Learning Outcome: 04.04.02 Describe the structure of a neuron.

Section: 04.04

 

Topic: Human Nervous System

 

34. Which type of neuroglia is found outside of the brain?

 

 

1. astrocytes

 

1. microglia

 

1. oligodendrocytes

 

1. Schwann cells

 

1. axons

 

 

Outside of the brain, Schwann cells are the type of neuroglia that encircle long nerve fibers and form a myelin sheath.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand

 

Learning Outcome: 04.04.01 Distinguish between neurons and neuroglia.

 

Section: 04.04

 

Topic: Human Nervous System

 

35. Schwann cells are a type of neuroglia located outside of the brain.

 

TRUE

 

 

Outside of the brain, Schwann cells are the type of neuroglia that encircle long nerve fibers and form a myelin sheath.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand

 

Learning Outcome: 04.04.01 Distinguish between neurons and neuroglia.

 

Section: 04.04

 

Topic: Human Nervous System

 

36. Which two types of cells form myelin sheaths?

 

 

1. oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells

 

1. microglia and astrocytes

 

1. astrocytes and oligodendrocytes

 

1. microglia and oligodendrocytes

 

1. Schwann cells and microglia

 

 

Oligodendrocytes form the myelin sheaths around fibers in the brain and spinal cord, while Schwann cells do so outside of the brain.

 

Blooms Level: 4. Analyze

 

Learning Outcome: 04.04.02 Describe the structure of a neuron.

 

Section: 04.04

 

Topic: Human Nervous System

 

37. In epithelial tissues, what serves to anchor the epithelial tissue to underlying connective tissue?

 

 

1. ependymal cells

 

1. plasma membrane

 

1. synovial membrane

 

1. basement membrane E. transitional membrane

 

 

In epithelial tissues, the basement membrane serves to anchor the epithelial tissue to underlying connective tissue.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand Learning Outcome: 04.05.02 Distinguish between the different forms of epithelial tissue with regard to location and function.

 

Section: 04.05 Topic: Animal Tissues

 

38. What type of epithelial tissue is found in the urinary bladder and allows it to stretch?

 

 

1. pseudostratified epithelium

 

1. glandular epithelium

 

1. transitional epithelium

 

1. stratified epithelium

 

1. columnar epithelium

 

 

Transitional epithelium forms the lining of the urinary bladder and allows it to stretch.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand Learning Outcome: 04.05.02 Distinguish between the different forms of epithelial tissue with regard to location and function.

Section: 04.05 Topic: Human Urinary System

 

39. Gynecologists perform regular Pap smears for women. This procedure is important for early diagnosis and prevention of what type of cancer?

 

 

1. breast cancer

 

1. colon cancer

 

1. cervical cancer

 

1. pancreatic cancer

 

1. liver cancer

 

 

A Pap smear is an important procedure utilized to detect cervical cancer in women.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand Learning Outcome: 04.05.02 Distinguish between the different forms of epithelial tissue with regard to location and function.

 

Section: 04.05 Topic: Animal Tissues

 

 

40. One of the dangers of smoking is that it disrupts the defensive system that utilizes ciliary action of what type of specialized epithelium?

 

 

1. pseudostratified epithelium

 

1. glandular epithelium

 

1. cuboidal epithelium

 

1. stratified epithelium

 

1. columnar epithelium

 

 

Pseudostratified columnar epithelium, which contains upward-beating cilia, is important in preventing harmful substances from entering the lungs.

 

Blooms Level: 3. Apply Learning Outcome: 04.05.02 Distinguish between the different forms of epithelial tissue with regard to location and function.

Section: 04.05

 

Topic: Animal Tissues

 

41. ________ glands are considered ductless glands, while ________ glands contain ducts.

 

 

1. Exocrine, endocrine

 

1. Transitional, exocrine

 

1. Transitional, endocrine

 

1. Endocrine, exocrine

 

1. Sudoriferous, transitional

 

 

Endocrine glands are considered ductless glands, while exocrine glands contain ducts.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand

Learning Outcome: 04.05.01 State the role of epithelial cells in the body.

 

Section: 04.05

 

Topic: Animal Tissues

 

42. Moving from the outside of the body, the first type of tissue encountered is epithelial tissue.

 

TRUE

 

 

Epithelial tissue covers surfaces and lines body cavities.

 

Blooms Level: 4. Analyze

 

Learning Outcome: 04.05.01 State the role of epithelial cells in the body.

 

Section: 04.05

 

Topic: Animal Tissues

 

43. The epithelial lining of the small intestine is modified for what function?

 

 

1. absorption

 

1. secretion

 

1. excretion

 

1. removing debris

 

1. protection

 

 

Because food is absorbed from the small intestine, the epithelial lining is modified for absorption.

 

Blooms Level: 3. Apply Learning Outcome: 04.05.02 Distinguish between the different forms of epithelial tissue with regard to location and function.

Section: 04.05 Topic: Human Digestive System

 

44. Which of the following is not a function of the integumentary system?

 

 

1. protection from pathogen invasion

 

1. inhibition of water loss

 

1. regulation of body temperature

 

1. synthesis of vitamin D
2. production of white blood cells

 

 

The integumentary system does not produce leukocytes or white blood cells.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand

 

Learning Outcome: 04.06.01 Explain the function of human skin.

Section: 04.06

 

Topic: Human Integumentary System

 

45. Which type of tissue makes up the epidermis?

 

 

1. stratified squamous epithelium

 

1. dense fibrous connective tissue

 

1. adipose tissue

 

1. elastic fibers

 

1. loose connective tissue

 

 

The epidermis is made up of stratified squamous epithelium. The dermis is made up of dense fibrous connective tissue. Adipose and loose connective tissue are components of the subcutaneous layer. Elastic fibers are part of the dermis.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember

 

Learning Outcome: 04.06.02 Describe the structure of the epidermis and dermis.

 

Section: 04.06

 

Topic: Human Integumentary System

 

46. Stretch marks are the result of tears in the integumentary layer that contains fibrous connective tissue, elastin, and collagen. What is this region of the integumentary system called?

 

 

1. subcutaneous layer

 

1. Langerhans layer

 

1. epidermis

 

1. hypodermis

 

1. dermis

 

 

Tears in the dermis result in stretch marks.

 

Blooms Level: 3. Apply

 

Learning Outcome: 04.06.02 Describe the structure of the epidermis and dermis.

 

Section: 04.06

 

Topic: Human Integumentary System

 

47. Which structures produce goosebumps?

 

 

1. arrector pili muscles

 

1. hair follicles

 

1. sebaceous glands

 

1. sudoriferous glands

 

1. cuticles

 

 

Contraction of the arrector pili muscles attached to hair follicles causes the hairs to “stand on end,” creating the appearance of goosebumps. Hair follicles are not responsible for goosebumps but instead are pulled upright. Sebaceous glands produce an oily substance called sebum. Sudoriferous glands produce sweat. The cuticle is a fold of skin that hides the nail root.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember

 

Learning Outcome: 04.06.03 Identify the function of the accessory organs associated with the skin.

 

Section: 04.06

 

Topic: Human Integumentary System

 

48. Which of the following is mismatched to its location in the skin?

 

 

1. fat— subcutaneous layer

 

1. sense organs— dermis

 

1. keratinization— epidermis

 

1. nerves/blood vessels— epidermis

 

1. hair follicles— dermis

 

The epidermis is not associated with nerves or blood supply.

 

 

Blooms Level: 5. Evaluate

 

Learning Outcome: 04.06.03 Identify the function of the accessory organs associated with the skin.

 

Section: 04.06

 

Topic: Human Integumentary System

 

49. Which of the following is responsible for the waterproofing of skin?

 

 

1. mucus

 

1. keratin

 

1. hyaline cartilage

 

1. sweat

 

1. wax

 

 

The protein keratin is important in waterproofing the skin.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember

 

Learning Outcome: 04.06.01 Explain the function of human skin.

 

Section: 04.06

 

Topic: Human Integumentary System

 

50. Which layer of the skin is responsible for tanning?

 

 

1. epidermis

 

1. dermis

 

1. subcutaneous layer

 

1. keratin

 

1. hypodermis

 

 

Melanocytes are found in the epidermis, so tanning alters the number of melanocytes produced in that layer. The dermis does not contain melanocytes. The subcutaneous layer/hypodermis does not contain melanocytes either. Keratin is a structural protein that is responsible for waterproofing the skin.

 

Blooms Level: 3. Apply

 

Learning Outcome: 04.06.02 Describe the structure of the epidermis and dermis.

 

Section: 04.06

 

Topic: Human Integumentary System

 

51. Which type of gland can become blocked and form a “blackhead”?

 

 

1. sudoriferous

 

1. sweat

 

1. endocrine

 

1. sebaceous

 

1. compound

 

 

Blackheads result from failure of the sebaceous glands to discharge their substance known as sebum.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand

 

Learning Outcome: 04.06.03 Identify the function of the accessory organs associated with the skin.

 

Section: 04.06

 

Topic: Human Integumentary System

 

52. Skin accounts for nearly 15% of the weight of an average human.

TRUE

 

 

Skin is the most conspicuous system in the body and accounts for nearly 15% of the weight of an average human.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember

 

Learning Outcome: 04.06.01 Explain the function of human skin.

 

Section: 04.06

 

Topic: Human Integumentary System

 

53. Carla is having problems with infections. Which body system is failing?

 

 

1. immune system

 

1. integumentary system

 

1. cardiovascular system

 

1. urinary system

 

1. musculoskeletal system

 

 

The role of the immune system is to protect the body from infections.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand

 

Learning Outcome: 04.07.01 Summarize the function of each organ system in the human body.

 

Section: 04.07

 

Topic: Immune System

 

54. Which of the following body systems is located in only one cavity of the body?

 

 

1. urinary system

 

1. skeletal system

 

1. cardiovascular system

 

1. muscular system

 

1. immune system

 

 

The urinary system is located in the pelvic cavity, while all the others are located throughout the body.

 

Blooms Level: 4. Analyze

 

Learning Outcome: 04.07.02 Identify the major cavities of the human body.

 

Section: 04.07

 

Topic: Human Urinary System

 

 

55. What cavities develop from the ventral cavity?

 

1. cranial and vertebral

 

1. thoracic, abdominal, and pelvic

 

1. pelvic and abdominal

 

1. cranial and thoracic

 

1. cranial, vertebral, and thoracic

 

 

The ventral cavity later divides into the thoracic, abdominal, and pelvic cavities.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand

 

Learning Outcome: 04.07.02 Identify the major cavities of the human body.

Section: 04.07

 

Topic: Animal Tissues

 

56. Which systems help to adjust the blood’s acid-base balance?

 

 

1. cardiovascular and muscular

 

1. cardiovascular and urinary

 

1. respiratory and urinary

 

1. respiratory and skeletal

 

1. muscular and skeletal

 

 

Both the respiratory and urinary systems help to adjust the blood’s acid-base balance.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand

 

Learning Outcome: 04.07.01 Summarize the function of each organ system in the human body.

 

Section: 04.07

 

Topic: Homeostasis

 

57. The cardiovascular system is limited to just the heart and the blood.

 

FALSE

 

 

The cardiovascular system consists of the heart, the blood, and the vessels the blood moves through.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand

 

Learning Outcome: 04.07.01 Summarize the function of each organ system in the human body.

 

Section: 04.07

 

Topic: Human Cardiovascular System

 

58. Which of the following body parts is surrounded by a mucous membrane?

 

 

1. ovaries

 

1. heart

 

1. cavities of freely movable joints

 

1. tubes of the digestive system

 

1. abdominal cavity

 

 

Mucous membranes line the tubes of the digestive, respiratory, urinary, and reproductive systems.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand

 

Learning Outcome: 04.07.03 Name the body membranes and provide a function for each.

 

Section: 04.07

 

Topic: Human Digestive System

 

59. Which body cavity contains the small and large intestines?

 

 

1. abdominal cavity

 

1. dorsal cavity

 

1. cranial cavity

 

1. vertebral canal

 

1. pelvic cavity

 

 

The abdominal cavity contains the small and large intestines.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand

 

Learning Outcome: 04.07.02 Identify the major cavities of the human body.

 

Section: 04.07

 

Topic: Human Digestive System

 

60. The pleurae would be found in which body system?

 

 

1. respiratory system

 

1. cardiovascular system

 

1. muscular system

 

1. urinary system

 

1. skeletal system

 

 

The pleurae cover the lungs and thus would be part of the respiratory system.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand

 

Learning Outcome: 04.07.03 Name the body membranes and provide a function for each.

 

Section: 04.07

 

Topic: Human Respiratory System

 

61. What membrane is infected in meningitis?

 

 

1. lining of the brain and spinal cord

 

1. lining of the lungs

 

1. lining of the heart

 

1. lining of the digestive tract

 

1. lining of the reproductive tract

 

 

Meningitis is an infection of the meninges, which are the membranes found within the dorsal cavity, covering the brain and spinal cord.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand

 

Learning Outcome: 04.07.03 Name the body membranes and provide a function for each.

 

Section: 04.07

 

Topic: Human Nervous System

62. The body’s ability to maintain a relative constancy of its internal environment is called

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Homeostasis is the body’s ability to maintain a relative constancy of its internal environment.

 

Blooms Level: 1. Remember

 

Learning Outcome: 04.08.01 Define homeostasis and provide an example.

 

Section: 04.08

 

Topic: Homeostasis

 

63. Sweating is a physiological process that seeks to maintain

 

 

1. blood glucose levels.

 

1. blood volume.

 

1. urine levels.

 

1. blood pH.

 

1. body temperature.

 

 

Sweating cools the body and is part of body temperature homeostasis.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand

 

Learning Outcome: 04.08.01 Define homeostasis and provide an example.

 

Section: 04.08

 

Topic: Homeostasis

 

64. Only the nervous and endocrine systems are involved in homeostasis.

 

FALSE

 

 

All of the body systems are involved in homeostasis.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand

 

Learning Outcome: 04.08.01 Define homeostasis and provide an example.

 

Section: 04.08

 

Topic: Homeostasis

 

 

65. If body temperature were controlled by a positive feedback mechanism, the body’s temperature would continue to rise.

 

 

TRUE

 

 

A positive feedback system results in an increasing change in the same direction.

 

Blooms Level: 5. Evaluate

 

Learning Outcome: 04.08.02 Distinguish between positive and negative feedback mechanisms.

 

Section: 04.08

 

Topic: Homeostasis

 

66. Which of the following is not involved in body temperature homeostasis?

 

1. constriction or dilation of blood vessels

 

1. secretion by sweat glands

 

1. shivering

 

1. respiration rate
2. the hypothalamus

 

 

The respiration rate is involved in regulating the blood’s acid-base balance, not temperature regulation.

 

Blooms Level: 4. Analyze

 

Learning Outcome: 04.08.01 Define homeostasis and provide an example.

 

Section: 04.08

 

Topic: Homeostasis

 

67. With a negative feedback mechanism, the value in question will vary around a set point.

 

TRUE

 

 

In a negative feedback mechanism, when the value in question is over or under a set point, the system brings about an effect to return the value to that set point. Therefore, the value will vary around a set point.

 

Blooms Level: 2. Understand

 

Learning Outcome: 04.08.02 Distinguish between positive and negative feedback mechanisms.

 

Section: 04.08

 

Topic: Homeostasis

 

Chapter 04: Test Bank Summary

 

Category	# of Questions
Blooms Level: 1. Remember	18
Blooms Level: 2. Understand	27
Blooms Level: 3. Apply	9
Blooms Level: 4. Analyze	8
Blooms Level: 5. Evaluate	2
Blooms Level: 6. Create	3
Learning Outcome: 04.01.01 Understand where tissues relate in the biological levels of organization.	1
Learning Outcome: 04.01.02 Describe the four types of tissues and provide a general function for each.	6
Learning Outcome: 04.02.01 Describe the primary types of connective tissue and provide a function for each.	5
Learning Outcome: 04.02.02 Compare the structure and function of bone and cartilage.	5
Learning Outcome: 04.02.03 Differentiate between blood and lymph.	6
Learning Outcome: 04.03.01 Distinguish among the three types of muscles with regard to location and function in the	4
body.
Learning Outcome: 04.04.01 Distinguish between neurons and neuroglia.	3
Learning Outcome: 04.04.02 Describe the structure of a neuron.	3
Learning Outcome: 04.05.01 State the role of epithelial cells in the body.	2
Learning Outcome: 04.05.02 Distinguish between the different forms of epithelial tissue with regard to location and fu	7
nction.
Learning Outcome: 04.06.01 Explain the function of human skin.	3
Learning Outcome: 04.06.02 Describe the structure of the epidermis and dermis.	3
Learning Outcome: 04.06.03 Identify the function of the accessory organs associated with the skin.	3
Learning Outcome: 04.07.01 Summarize the function of each organ system in the human body.	4
Learning Outcome: 04.07.02 Identify the major cavities of the human body.	3
Learning Outcome: 04.07.03 Name the body membranes and provide a function for each.	3
Learning Outcome: 04.08.01 Define homeostasis and provide an example.	4
Learning Outcome: 04.08.02 Distinguish between positive and negative feedback mechanisms.	2
Section: 04.01	7
Section: 04.02	16
Section: 04.03	4
Section: 04.04	6
Section: 04.05	9
Section: 04.06	9
Section: 04.07	10
Section: 04.08	6
Topic: Animal Tissues	27
Topic: Homeostasis	7
Topic: Human Cardiovascular System	1
Topic: Human Digestive System	3
Topic: Human Integumentary System	9
Topic: Human Lymphatic System	2
Topic: Human Nervous System	8
Topic: Human Respiratory System	1
Topic: Human Urinary System	3
Topic: Immune System	1
Topic: Levels of Biological Organization	1
Topic: Muscular System	4