Human Communication 6Th Edition By Judy Pearson – Test Bank

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Human Communication 6Th Edition By Judy Pearson – Test Bank

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Chapter 02

Perception, Self, and Communication

 

1. Define perception and explain in an essay the differences between the active and subjective views of perception.

Answers will vary.

Bloom’s level: Understand

2. How do identity factors affect perception?

Answers will vary.

Bloom’s level: Remember

3. Explain how past experiences are influenced by perception constancy.

Answers will vary.

Bloom’s level: Understand

4. Write an essay in which you state how selection, organization, and interpretation function in perception.

Answers will vary.

Bloom’s level: Understand

5. Provide an example that is not in the book of how figure and ground operate to organize our perceptions.

Answers will vary.

Bloom’s level: Apply

6. Define and provide an example of how proximity might be used to organize perception.

Answers will vary.

Bloom’s level: Understand

7. Compare and contrast closure and similarity as they help us organize perceptions.

Answers will vary.

Bloom’s level: Understand

8. A car accident occurs, and the two witnesses tell rather different stories about what they saw. Use what you know about perception to explain the differences.

Answers will vary.

Bloom’s level: Apply

9. How does self-perception influence communication?

Answers will vary.

Bloom’s level: Understand

10. Explain the difference between stereotypes and prejudice.

Answers will vary.

Bloom’s level: Understand

11. Write an essay describing an example from your own life where culture affected your perception. Clearly explain how culture impacted your view of the situation. How might have someone from a different culture perceived the same instance?

Answers will vary.

Bloom’s level: Apply

12. Discuss an example of how you have used interpretive perception.

Answers will vary.

Bloom’s level: Apply

13. Perception is the process of using the senses to acquire information about the surrounding environment or situation.

TRUE

Bloom’s level: Remember

14. “No matter who sees a chair, they all see the same chair” illustrates the idea of active perception.

FALSE

Bloom’s level: Understand

15. The position adopted in the book is that everyone sees everything in his or her own unique way.

TRUE

Bloom’s level: Remember

16. Our physical characteristics are unrelated to our perceptions.

FALSE

Bloom’s level: Remember

17. Temporary conditions like fatigue, hunger, or a headache can affect your perceptions.

TRUE

Bloom’s level: Remember

18. Perceptual constancy means that past experience has little effect on our perceptions.

FALSE

Bloom’s level: Remember

19. People of different cultures tend to perceive things in the same way.

FALSE

Bloom’s level: Remember

20. The process of perception includes selection, organization, and interpretation.

TRUE

Bloom’s level: Remember

21. Noticing the women in the room more than the men in the room is an example of selective attention.

TRUE

Bloom’s level: Understand

22. Proximity is when we organize stimuli based on their likeness or similarity.

FALSE

Bloom’s level: Remember

23. A speech of self-introduction initially requires intrapersonal communication.

TRUE

Bloom’s level: Remember

24. We use similarity to engage in the organization of stimuli.

TRUE

Bloom’s level: Remember

25. Ground is what you focus on the most; figure is the context in which you see the ground.

FALSE

Bloom’s level: Remember

26. Closure is related to how we organize stimuli.

TRUE

Bloom’s level: Remember

27. “Birds of a feather flock together” is an expression that illustrates the concept of closure.

FALSE

Bloom’s level: Understand

28. When you perceive nine lines as three groups rather than as nine unconnected lines, you are illustrating the concept of proximity.

TRUE

Bloom’s level: Understand

29. Interpretive perception involves only internal stimuli.

FALSE

Bloom’s level: Remember

30. Prejudices can be positive where you pre-judge that another person is “good” without any evidence.

TRUE

Bloom’s level: Remember

31. Prejudices interfere with our accurate perceptions of others.

TRUE

Bloom’s level: Remember

32. Stereotypes are initially based on classifications of people.

TRUE

Bloom’s level: Remember

33. Prejudices and stereotypes are unrelated.

FALSE

Bloom’s level: Remember

34. Personal identity is the perception of what makes an individual unique with regard to various personality characteristics, interests, and values.

TRUE

Bloom’s level: Remember

35. Impression management is sharing personal details in order to present an idealized self.

TRUE

Bloom’s level: Remember

36. How you perceive yourself plays a central role in communication.

TRUE

Bloom’s level: Remember

37. The idea that our past experiences lead us to see the world in a particular way that is difficult to change is called
38. A. perceptual constancy.
39. selective retention.
40. cultural selection.
41. stubbornness.

Bloom’s level: Remember

38. Which of the following is the best example of how role affects perception?
39. I am a Cuban American whose parents fled Havana in 1906.
40. B. I am an honor student and president of the student body.
41. I am a biracial person.
42. Although few know it, I am a former Baptist.

Bloom’s level: Understand

39. Which statement about stereotyping is true?
40. Stereotyping occurs when we have had a long time to form an informed opinion about someone.
41. B. Some stereotypes are positive.
42. Our stereotypes of people from different groups are often positive.
43. We try to find similarities between ourselves and the people we stereotype.

Bloom’s level: Remember

40. Which of the following activities does NOT occur in perception?
41. A. exploration
42. interpretation
43. organization
44. selection

Bloom’s level: Remember

41. Which of the following is the best example of selective attention?
42. A. She immediately spotted the guy with the earring who looked so much like someone she had known before.
43. They agreed with each other because they both liked the idea of government ownership of basic industry.
44. He was an expert “body man” in a chop shop; she was a hair stylist in the low-rent district.
45. They fought constantly over how the children should be disciplined.

Bloom’s level: Understand

42. When you remember how wonderful your mother was but forget how often she made you feel inadequate, then you are exhibiting the perception concept called
43. A. selective retention.
44. stereotyping.
45. sexual discrimination.
46. selective attention.

Bloom’s level: Understand

43. Which of the following would be the reason an individual looking at a class picture might see his or her own face first?
44. because of its proximity to the other faces
45. B. because it is figure and the rest of the class is ground
46. because it is the image that allows closure
47. because it is ground and the rest of the class is figure

Bloom’s level: Understand

44. If I notice that Heng and Yolanda are often together and I “fill in” my inference that they are now lovers, then I am illustrating the concept of perception called
45. A.
46. figure and ground.
47. proximity.
48. filtering.

Bloom’s level: Understand

45. Which of the following is NOT cited in the book as one of the three reasons differences in perception occur?
46. identity factors
47. past experience
48. present feelings and circumstances
49. D. present eating habits

Bloom’s level: Remember

46. Perception checking is a skill that helps us
47. A. understand another person and his or her message more accurately.
48. view everyone as equals.
49. compare our behaviors with others’ behaviors.
50. ignore damaging or harmful information.

Bloom’s level: Remember

47. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of active perception?
48. subjective
49. interpretive
50. active
51. D. simple

Bloom’s level: Remember

48. Erving Goffman’s theory of self-presentation is based on what type of perspective?
49. psychology
50. B. dramaturgy
51. statistics
52. definitional

Bloom’s level: Remember

49. According to the textbook, first impressions
50. A. are based on comparisons to ourselves.
51. provide accuracy in our perceptions of others.
52. involve group communication among different groups.
53. occur independent of the communication context.

Bloom’s level: Remember

50. If Anu was unable to control his communication in a way that presented an “idealized” version of himself, he would be lacking in
51. self-accrual.
52. B. impression management.
53. interaction control.
54. symbolic portrayal.

Bloom’s level: Understand

51. Which of the following would NOT be an example of an identity factor that affects perception?
52. A. mental distractions such as daydreaming
53. a transgender identity
54. a background in Roman Catholicism
55. a woman who weighs ninety-seven pounds

Bloom’s level: Understand

52. A person groups stimuli into meaningful units during which part of perception?
53. selection
54. interpretation
55. C. organization
56. interactionism

Bloom’s level: Remember

Category                                                                                                 # of Questions

Bloom’s level: Apply                                                                                                                                      4

Bloom’s level: Remember                                                                                                                               30

Bloom’s level: Understand                                                                                                                              18

 

Chapter 04

Nonverbal Communication

 

1. Provide one example of a nonverbal cue that has a variety of meanings, and describe the multiple meanings that the cue evokes.

Answers will vary.

Bloom’s level: Understand

2. Provide one example of how the same meaning is communicated by a number of nonverbal cues.

Answers will vary.

Bloom’s level: Apply

3. Explain the concept of kinesics by giving behavioral examples of this nonverbal code.

Answers will vary.

Bloom’s level: Apply

4. Explain the concept of kinesics by giving examples of behaviors included in the concept.

Answers will vary.

Bloom’s level: Understand

5. Reveal how assessing another person’s unique behavior and considering the context can help to interpret nonverbal communication.

Answers will vary.

Bloom’s level: Understand

6. How are liking, status, and responsiveness exhibited in nonverbal communication?

Answers will vary.

Bloom’s level: Remember

7. Provide an example of an emblem, an illustrator, an affect display, a regulator, and an adaptor.

Answers will vary.

Bloom’s level: Understand

8. Explain proxemics by including the related concepts of territoriality and personal space.

Answers will vary.

Bloom’s level: Understand

9. Hall defined four distances regularly used by people. Name and explain the four distances, and state what is likely to occur at each distance.

Answers will vary.

Bloom’s level: Remember

10. What is tactile communication, and why is the concept important in communication situations?

Answers will vary.

Bloom’s level: Understand

11. Name and explain at least five kinds of vocal cues.

Answers will vary.

Bloom’s level: Understand

12. What is the importance of object language to communication?

Answers will vary.

Bloom’s level: Understand

13. Explain how you can improve your nonverbal communication.

Answers will vary.

Bloom’s level: Understand

14. Define the term adaptors and describe at least one example to illustrate your definition.

Answers will vary.

Bloom’s level: Remember

15. When communicating with an American, it is important to keep in mind that a greater emphasis is placed on nonverbal messages as compared to verbal messages.

FALSE

Bloom’s level: Remember

16. People from Mexico or Egypt would most likely adopt a polychronic orientation toward time.

TRUE

Bloom’s level: Remember

17. Vocal cues help a public speaker establish credibility.

TRUE

Bloom’s level: Remember

18. The study of nonverbal communication includes symbols that are not words as well as nonword sounds that convey meaning.

TRUE

Bloom’s level: Remember

19. Kinesics is the study of posture, movement, gestures, and facial expression.

TRUE

Bloom’s level: Remember

20. With nonverbal communication you need to assess the other person’s unique behavior and consider the context to make a better interpretation.

TRUE

Bloom’s level: Remember

21. Research does not show a link between physical attractiveness and perceived credibility.

FALSE

Bloom’s level: Remember

22. When you wave “hello” to someone in the distance, you are using a nonverbal cue called an illustrator.

FALSE

Bloom’s level: Understand

23. A nonverbal move that controls communication, such as starting to move away from a person, is an example of a nonverbal cue called an adaptor.

FALSE

Bloom’s level: Remember

24. Audiences who can see the speaker’s nonverbal behavior understand more of the message than audiences who cannot.

TRUE

Bloom’s level: Remember

25. Men claim more space for themselves than small people and women.

TRUE

Bloom’s level: Remember

26. According to Hall’s categories, standing 4 to 12 feet from another person is called public distance.

FALSE

Bloom’s level: Remember

27. Appropriate distance is culturally determined.

TRUE

Bloom’s level: Remember

28. Male children receive more touching from their mothers than do female children.

FALSE

Bloom’s level: Remember

29. The least touching occurs between fathers and sons.

TRUE

Bloom’s level: Remember

30. The amount of touching that takes place between people varies depending on the nation in which they live.

TRUE

Bloom’s level: Remember

31. Paralinguistic features of vocal cues are called “nonverbal” even though they include nonword sounds.

TRUE

Bloom’s level: Remember

32. A woman who wears an engagement ring, a sorority pin, and an expensive gold bracelet is communicating nonverbally through artifacts.

TRUE

Bloom’s level: Understand

33. Proxemics is the study of pronunciation and articulation in nonverbal communication.

FALSE

Bloom’s level: Remember

34. In nonverbal communication we use the same cue to communicate a number of different meanings.

TRUE

Bloom’s level: Remember

35. In nonverbal communication we use a variety of cues to communicate the same meaning.

TRUE

Bloom’s level: Remember

36. People who view their work as fast-paced tend to have less job satisfaction.

TRUE

Bloom’s level: Remember

37. Tattoos are perceived similarly for both men and women.

FALSE

Bloom’s level: Remember

38. Which of the following body movements would most likely be used to indicate liking?
39. spontaneous gestures
40. less eye contact
41. rigid posture
42. D. close proximity

Bloom’s level: Understand

39. Two men are arguing at the bar when the smaller one says something unkind about the other’s mother. The bigger fellow glares straight ahead at his opponent. He is using a nonverbal signal that is best described as being an
40. illustrator.
41. emblem.
42. C. affect display.
43. adaptor.

Bloom’s level: Understand

40. As the woman shaded her eyes with her open hand on her brow, she said, “Wow, is it ever bright out here.” The nonverbal cue here is
41. A. an illustrator.
42. an emblem.
43. a regulator.
44. an adaptor.

Bloom’s level: Understand

41. Which of the following is NOT included in the study of proxemics?
42. distance
43. space
44. C. sound
45. territoriality

Bloom’s level: Remember

42. Which type of facial expression will likely receive the most attention?
43. neutral
44. happy
45. C. angry
46. sad

Bloom’s level: Remember

43. At what age do people, on average, begin receiving specialized attention based on physical attractiveness?
44. 1 year old
45. B. 4 years old
46. 7 years old
47. 10 years old

Bloom’s level: Remember

44. A distance of 10 feet between two people talking is what Edward T. Hall referred to as
45. intimate distance.
46. personal distance.
47. C. social distance.
48. public distance.

Bloom’s level: Remember

45. Which of the following statements about distance is FALSE?
46. A. Women exhibit discomfort at the small space they are allowed by others.
47. Women and children are given little space in our American culture.
48. Women and children desire more relational closeness than do males in our society.
49. Men tend to take more room because they are usually bigger in height and weight.

Bloom’s level: Remember

46. Which type of nonverbal communication occurs when you send the same message both verbally and nonverbally?
47. A. repeating
48. emphasizing
49. complimenting
50. substituting

Bloom’s level: Remember

47. With whom are you most likely to stand the closest?
48. a state senator from another state
49. B. a person of the same race
50. a person who is obviously physically handicapped
51. a stranger

Bloom’s level: Understand

48. Which statement about nonverbal use of space is FALSE?
49. Strangely enough, people tend to stand close together in a large space like an auditorium.
50. Strangely enough, people tend to stay farther apart in small places like elevators.
51. Middle-class suburbanites in the United States tend to have open backyards, but people in Latin America tend to have walls.
52. D. Americans tend to stand much closer to each other than do people from most other countries.

Bloom’s level: Remember

49. Which of the following statements about touch is FALSE?
50. A. Men value touch more than women do.
51. Fathers touch sons less than mothers do.
52. Female students are touched more than male students.
53. Female children are touched more than male children.

Bloom’s level: Remember

50. Who is more likely to use touch as a means of communicating?
51. a white American from Salt Lake City, Utah
52. B. a black woman from Puerto Rico
53. an English gentleman from London
54. a Frenchman from Paris

Bloom’s level: Understand

51. Which of the following are NOT paralinguistic features?
52. pitch, rate, and inflection
53. volume, voice quality, and silence
54. pronunciation, enunciation, and articulation
55. D. sounds with meaning and words without meaning

Bloom’s level: Remember

52. Paralinguistic cues can indicate all of the following EXCEPT
53. emotional states.
54. personality characteristics.
55. C.
56. physical characteristics.

Bloom’s level: Remember

53. Which of the following findings is true of the relationship between dress and personality?
54. People who dress with comfort in mind tend to be low in self-control and introverted.
55. People who dress in a decorative style tend to be unsociable and intellectual.
56. People who are conformist in dress are expressive, dominant, and unrestrained in social situations.
57. D. People who conform to current styles seek to be accepted and liked.

Bloom’s level: Remember

54. Which statement about clothing and the perceptions of others is NOT verified by research?
55. Clothing affects others’ impression of status.
56. B. Clothing and artifacts are unrelated to how acceptable we find other people to be.
57. Clothing is often cited by women as the most important characteristic when describing another’s popularity.
58. Brightly colored clothing is associated with sophistication, immorality, and physical attractiveness.

Bloom’s level: Remember

55. Communication by touch is called
56. A. tactile communication.
57. affect displays.
58. territoriality.
59. kinesics.

Bloom’s level: Remember

56. Upon walking into a crowded bar on a Friday night, Daniel begins to get uncomfortable because it is so crowded. There are many people very close to him and some even bumping into him as they pass. These people are in

Daniel’s

1. A. intimate space.
2. personal space.
3. social space.
4. public space.

Bloom’s level: Understand

57. Kelly is listening intently to her friend, Sheri, talk about her boyfriend who is leaving for a year to serve in the Army.

Kelly says “mmm-hmm” during the conversation to show Sheri that she is listening. She is communicating using

1. kinesics.
2. B. paralinguistic features.
3. objectics.
4. artifacts.

Bloom’s level: Understand

58. The study of nonword sounds that communicate meaning is called
59. kinesics.
60. B.
61. objectics.
62. artifacts.

Bloom’s level: Remember

59. As he drove out of the driveway, he saw his wife waving but did not realize that she wanted him to stop to avoid running over the tricycle. He thought she was just waving good-bye. The problem in this nonverbal episode is that we
60. use a variety of cues to communicate the same meaning.
61. B. use the same cue to communicate a variety of meanings.
62. have a one-to-one relationship between signal and meaning, so that one cue has one meaning.
63. have many ways to say good-bye, including handshakes, hugging, and waving.

Bloom’s level: Understand

60. When a person leans forward and has a positive facial expression, he or she is exhibiting the concept of
61. status.
62. chronemics.
63. C.
64. responsiveness.

Bloom’s level: Understand

61. In reference to chronemics, polychronic people might ________, whereas monochronic people might ________.
62. arrive early; leave early
63. arrive and leave early; arrive and leave late
64. leave early; arrive late
65. D. arrive and leave late; arrive and leave on time or early

Bloom’s level: Understand

Category                                                                                                         # of Questions

Bloom’s level: Apply                                                                                                                                              2

Bloom’s level: Remember                                                                                                                                       38

Bloom’s level: Understand                                                                                                                                      21