Managing Human Behavior In Public And Nonprofit Organizations Fourth Edition By Denhardt – Test Bank

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Managing Human Behavior In Public And Nonprofit Organizations Fourth Edition By Denhardt – Test Bank

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Chapter 2: Knowing and Managing Yourself

 

 

 

 

Multiple Choice

 

 

 

 

1. Which level of the self is motivated by the welfare of the group?
2. A) Individual
3. B) Group
4. C) Collective
5. D) Interpersonal

 

Ans:  C

 

 

 

 

2. The first level of skill development in any discipline involves ________.
3. A) emotional challenge
4. B) cognitive knowledge
5. C) behavioral skills
6. D) training

 

Ans:  B

 

 

 

 

3. Brenda exhibits self-control, is trustworthy, adaptable, open to change and has a strong desire to achieve. Which component of emotional intelligence is she exhibiting?
4. A) Self-management
5. B) Self-awareness
6. C) Social awareness
7. D) Social management

 

Ans:  A

 

 

 

 

4. Bill has been described by his employees as an empathetic boss who values diversity and is cross-culturally sensitive. Which component of emotional intelligence are his employees recognizing?
5. A) Self-management
6. B) Self-awareness
7. C) Social awareness
8. D) Social management

 

Ans:  C

 

 

 

 

5. Which of the following is NOT a competency associated with the social management component of emotional intelligence?
6. A) Self-control
7. B) Leadership
8. C) Conflict management
9. D) Expertise in building teams

 

Ans:  A

 

 

 

 

6. Which of the following is NOT a self-imposed barrier to rising to leadership positions?
7. A) Overemphasis of personal goals
8. B) Turning competitors into enemies
9. C) Gaps in training
10. D) Needing to lead alone

 

Ans:  C

 

 

 

 

7. ________ are the foundation upon which attitudes and personal preferences are formed and the basis for crucial decisions, life directions, and personal choice.
8. A) Personal values
9. B) Self-disclosure
10. C) Locus of control
11. D) Personality style

 

Ans:  A

 

 

 

 

8. According to Kohlberg’s model of moral development, in which of the following stages of development would cheating on an exam be considered acceptable?
9. A) Unconventional
10. B) Preconventional
11. C) Conventional
12. D) Postconventional

 

Ans:  B

 

 

 

 

9. Bill knows that it is against company policy to report incorrect hours on his timesheet and therefore always reports the correct number of hours he has worked. Based on this, Bill is in the ________ stage of moral development.
10. A) Unconventional
11. B) Preconventional
12. C) Conventional
13. D) Postconventional

 

Ans:  C

 

 

 

 

10. John likes to work and sees work as an end in itself. Which of following value orientations does he have?
11. A) Industry
12. B) Financial
13. C) Power
14. D) Achievement

 

Ans:  A

 

 

 

 

11. Which psychologist described several aspects of the human psyche based on the way in which we take in and process information?
12. A) Ivan Pavlov
13. B) Abraham Maslow
14. C) Carl Jung
15. D) Sigmund Freud

 

Ans:  C

 

 

 

 

12. Guardians tend to be ________ while Artisans tend to be _________.
13. A) Adaptable, Sociable
14. B) Sociable, Adaptable
15. C) Responsible, Analytical
16. D) Analytical, Responsible

 

Ans:  B

 

 

 

 

13. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of idealists?
14. A) Intense
15. B) Intuitive
16. C) Inspiring
17. D) Impulsive

 

Ans:  D

 

 

 

14. Raj tends to be optimistic and adaptable. Which of the following temperaments does he exhibit?
15. A) Artisan
16. B) Guardian
17. C) Rational
18. D) Idealistic

 

Ans:  B

 

 

 

 

15. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of those with an internal locus of control?
16. A) Engage in actions to improve their environment
17. B) Ask more questions
18. C) Remember more information
19. D) Believe that what happens is caused by others

 

Ans:  D

 

 

 

 

16. Jillian desires to climb to a leadership level in an organization so as to enable integration and coordination of the efforts of others. Which of the following is most likely her career anchor?
17. A) General Manager competence
18. B) Security/stability
19. C) Service/dedication to a cause
20. D) Autonomy/independence

 

Ans:  A

 

 

 

 

17. Who was one of the first behavioral scientists to comment on the close connection between an individual’s self-concept and his or her views of others?
18. A) Carl Rogers
19. B) Erich Fromm
20. C) Carl Jung
21. D) Abraham Maslow

 

Ans:  B

 

 

 

 

18. ________ tend to be symbolic and enthusiastic.
19. A) Artisans
20. B) Guardians
21. C) Rationalists
22. D) Idealists

 

Ans:  D

 

 

 

 

19. Which of the following is NOT related to having an internal locus of control?
20. A) Ability to cope with stress
21. B) Promotability
22. C) Low satisfaction
23. D) Job involvement

 

Ans:  C

 

 

 

 

 

20. For an employee with the ________ career anchor, flexibility is of primary importance.
21. A) Lifestyle
22. B) Autonomy
23. C) Entrepreneurial creativity
24. D) Pure challenge

 

Ans:  B

 

 

 

 

 

True/False

 

 

 

 

21. True or False. The interpersonal level of self is motivated by self-interest.

 

Ans:  False

 

 

 

 

22. True or False. The term emotional challenge refers to any real or perceived threat to our security, self-image, or sense of self-worth that stimulates our instinctive self-protective tendencies to either withdraw or become aggressive.

 

Ans:  True

 

 

 

 

23. True or False. Social awareness is the ability to understand what one is feeling and how to direct those feelings.

 

Ans:  False

 

 

 

 

24. True or False. People who do not trust others often are viewed by others as untrustworthy themselves.

 

Ans:  True

 

 

 

 

25. True or False. The human value orientation views people and relationships in a negative manner.

 

Ans:  False

 

 

 

 

26. True or False. Personality style refers to the manner in which individuals gather and process information.

 

Ans:  True

 

 

 

 

27. True or False. People who rely on “sensing” are more likely to focus on the future, to see the potential in a situation, and to be highly creative.

 

Ans:  False

 

 

 

 

28. True or False. The feeler needs a thinking type to persuade and conciliate feelings, to arouse enthusiasm and to sell or advertise, and to teach and forecast.

 

Ans:  False

 

 

 

 

29. True or False. Interpersonal orientation identifies the underlying tendencies that the individual has to behave in certain ways regardless of circumstances or presence of others.

 

Ans:  True

 

 

 

 

30. True or False. Studies have shown that people are less likely to trust leaders who are self-disclosing.

 

Ans:  False

 

 

 

 

 

 

Essay

 

 

 

 

31. Discuss the components of emotional intelligence. What make up each of these components? Is emotional intelligence important in managing others? Why or why not?

Ans: varies

 

 

 

 

32. Describe the different types of value orientations. How do these fit in with personal values? How might people’s behavior change based on their value orientation? Discussing, using relevant examples.

Ans:  varies

 

 

 

 

33. Compare and contrast the instruments used to measure the components of self-awareness. What do each of the tests measure? Do they contribute to better hiring practices? Why or why not?

Ans:  varies

 

 

 

 

34. Define the five self-imposed barriers to rising to leadership positions in organizations. What are ways to overcome these barriers? Discuss, providing relevant examples.

Ans:  varies

 

 

 

 

35. Fully explore vision as it relates to self-awareness. Why is developing a vision important? Develop your own personal vision statement, utilizing the guidelines from the reading.

Ans:  varies

 

 

 

Chapter 4: Managing Stress

 

 

 

 

Multiple Choice

 

 

 

 

1. Which of the following is a symptom of stress?
2. A) Unusual laughter
3. B) Eccentric behavior
4. C) Overeating
5. D) Shallow breathing

 

Ans:  D

 

 

 

 

 

2. Among the following life events, pick the one, which is least stressful?
3. A) Marriage
4. B) Retirement
5. C) Pregnancy
6. D) Trouble with boss

 

Ans:  D

 

 

 

 

 

3. Which of the following may be considered primarily emotional coping strategies?

 

1. A) Withdrawing from others
2. B) Spending less time with family
3. C) Sleeping less to work more
4. D) Setting priorities

 

Ans:  A

 

 

 

 

 

4. Which of the following may not be viewed as an attempt to manage and control time?
5. A) Withdrawing from others
6. B) Skipping meals
7. C) Sleeping less to work more
8. D) Spending less time with family

 

Ans:  A

 

 

 

 

 

5. Which of the following may be considered an attempt to cope with physical symptoms of stress?

 

1. A) Eating healthy
2. B) Problem solving
3. C) Sleeping less to work more
4. D) Confronting those responsible

 

Ans:  A

 

 

 

 

 

6. When a person is stressed, the hypothalamus sets off a type of alarm to the nervous and endocrine (hormonal) systems. This often is called the:

 

1. A) The strictus
2. B) The “stress trigger” response
3. C) The “flight or fight” response
4. D) The “countershock” phase

 

 

Ans:  C

 

 

 

 

 

7. Which of the following is not a stage in the General Adaptation Syndrome?

 

1. A) Resistance
2. B) Recognition
3. C) Alarm
4. D) Countershock

 

Ans:  B

 

 

 

 

 

8. All of the following diseases are either linked to or found to be worsened by stress, except:

 

1. A) Arthritis
2. B) Hypertension
3. C) Liver Degeneration
4. D) Heart Attacks

 

Ans:  C

 

 

 

 

 

9. Which of the following is not a direct negative consequence of stress?

 

1. A) Lower productivity
2. B) Compromised effectiveness
3. C) Deadened creativity
4. D) Delays in project time-lines

 

 

Ans:  D

 

 

 

 

 

10. What is the estimated absenteeism linked to stress related issues?

 

1. A) Less than 10%
2. B) Roughly 50%
3. C) Roughly 60%
4. D) More than 70%

 

 

Ans:  D

 

 

 

 

 

11. The Yerkes–Dodson law suggests that when:

 

1. A) Stress levels are too high, performance will suffer.
2. B) Stress levels are too low, performance will suffer.
3. C) Stress levels are too high, performance will increase.
4. D) Stress levels are too low, performance will increase.

 

Ans:  B

 

 

 

 

 

12. Which of the following is not a source of stress on the job?

 

1. A) Organizational Justice
2. B) Organizational Environment
3. C) Intrinsic nature of work
4. D) Extrinsic nature of work

 

Ans:  D

 

 

 

 

 

13. Which of the following is not a coping mechanism to handle stress?
14. A) Social Regulation
15. B) Attitude Adjustment
16. C) Lifestyle Adjustment
17. D) Emotional Regulation

 

Ans:  A

 

 

 

 

14. Which of the following is an effective time management technique?

 

1. A) Establishing and reaffirming priorities
2. B) Taking stock of how you spend your time
3. C) Reflect on your goals, plans, and commitments
4. D) All of the above

 

Ans:  D

 

 

 

 

 

15. Workers’ performance can be positively influenced by promoting their:
16. A) Salary structure
17. B) Psychological well-being and happiness
18. C) Self esteem
19. D) Performance structure

 

Ans:  B

 

 

 

 

 

16. Which of the following jobs can cause high levels of stress?

 

1. A) Jobs with great responsibility and little autonomy
2. B) Jobs with little responsibility and little autonomy
3. C) Jobs with great responsibility and great autonomy
4. D) Jobs with little responsibility and great autonomy

 

Ans:  A

 

 

 

 

17. Taking time to carefully analyze what the job requirements are and assessing candidates in light of those demands:

 

1. A) Increases the stress levels on Human Resources personnel.
2. B) Reduces the stress levels on Human Resouces personnel by giving them a sense of preparation.
3. C) Helps to decrease the likelihood of mismatches between people and organizational environments.
4. D) Should only be exercised in the case of top level employees.

 

Ans:  C

 

 

 

 

18. Allowing people to participate in the decisions affecting their work:

 

1. A) Gives them a greater sense of control.
2. B) Increases their stress levels.
3. C) Helps cultivate a stress free organization.
4. D) Increases likelihood of errors due to inexperience and therefore increases stress.

 

Ans:  A

 

 

 

 

19. Which of the following statement is true? Research suggests that:

 

1. A) Happier workers cope with stress more efficiently than their unhappy counterparts
2. B) Happier workers are not necessarily able to cope with stress more efficiently than their unhappy counterparts
3. C) Unhappy workers do not cope with stress
4. D) Unhappy workers know how to handle stress better than their happy counterparts

 

 

Ans:  A

 

 

 

 

20. When you find yourself experiencing the negative signs of excessive stress, such as depression, anger, anxiety, health problems, and excessive drinking, you should:

 

1. A) Consult a professional, seek assistance through your EAP, or consult your doctor
2. B) Consult your family
3. C) Consult your friend
4. D) Consult your superiors

 

Ans:  A

 

 

 

 

 

 

True/False

 

 

 

 

21. True or False. Eliminating stress is bad for you.

 

Ans:  True

 

 

 

 

22. True or False. The stress response can contribute to our sense of well-being, motivation, and performance.

 

Ans:  True

 

 

 

 

 

23. True or False. Ignoring the symptoms of stress overload is one of the ways of coping with and managing stress effectively.

 

Ans:  False

 

 

 

 

24. True or False. As a life event, “Trouble with boss” is considered less stressful than “marital reconciliation.”

 

Ans:  True

 

 

 

 

 

25. True or False. The word stress is derived from Latin word strictus.

 

Ans:  True

 

 

 

 

 

26. True or False. There are four stages in the General Adaptation Syndrome

 

Ans:  False

 

 

 

 

 

27. True or False. Women are more likely to engage in “tend and befriend” as the dominant behavioral response to stress.

 

Ans:  True

 

 

 

 

 

28. True or False. Only women appear to have a broader repertoire of responses to stress, including affiliative, protective, and caretaking behaviors.

 

Ans:  False

 

 

 

 

 

29. True or False. Stress can decrease our reaction time and attention and also can distort cognitive processes.

 

Ans:  False

 

 

 

 

 

30. True or False. During midlife years, employees may be focused on the search for meaning and ego integrity.

 

Ans:  False

 

 

 

 

 

 

Essay

 

 

 

 

31. Describe the sources of stress which may be related to home-work connections based on the different stages of life of an individual.

Ans: varies

 

 

 

 

32. What is stress and why does it need to be managed?

Ans:  varies

 

 

 

 

33. Describe the various stages in the General Adaptation Syndrome.

Ans:  varies

 

 

 

 

34. “Stress can be beneficial.” Do you agree or disagree? Please justify your position, providing relevant examples where appropriate.

Ans:  varies

 

 

 

 

35. Compare and contrast “Lifestyle adjustment” and “Attitude adjustment” as ways to cope with and manage stress.

Ans:  varies